影响埃塞俄比亚 6-23 个月龄儿童喂养的因素：根据最低可接受饮食的埃塞俄比亚人口健康调查的多层次分析。
Factors affecting feeding 6-23 months age children according to minimum acceptable diet in Ethiopia: A multilevel analysis of the Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey.
机构信息
Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia.
Department of Environmental Health and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2019 Feb 21;14(2):e0203098. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203098. eCollection 2019.
BACKGROUND
Though infant and young children should be fed according to a minimum acceptable diet to ensure appropriate growth and development, only 7% of Ethiopian 6-23 months age children meet the minimum acceptable dietary standards, which is lower than the national target of 11% set for 2016. Therefore, this study aims to assess the individual and community level factors affecting feeding according to minimum acceptable diet among 6-23 months age children in Ethiopia.
METHODS
This study analyzed retrospectively a cross-sectional data on a weighted sample of 2919 children aged 6-23 months nested within 617 clusters after extracting from Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2016 via the link www.measuredhs.com. By employing bi-variate multilevel logistic regression model, variables which were significant at the p-value < 0.25 were included in multivariable multilevel logistic regression analysis. Finally, variables with a p-value < 0.05 were considered as significant predictors of minimum acceptable diet.
RESULTS
Only 6.1% of 6-23 months age children feed minimum acceptable diet in Ethiopia. Children 18-23 months age (AOR = 3.7, 95%CI 1.9, 7.2), father's with secondary or higher education (AOR = 2.1, 95%CI 1.2, 3.6), Employed mothers (AOR = 1.7, 95%CI 1.2, 2.5), mothers have access to drinking water (AOR = 1.9, 95%CI 1.2, 2.9), mothers with media exposure (AOR = 2.1 95%CI 1.1, 2.7) were positive individual level predictors. Urban mothers (AOR = 4.8, 95%CI 1.7, 13.2)) and agrarian dominant region (AOR = 5.6, 95%CI 2.2, 14.5) were community level factors that significantly associated with a minimum acceptable diet of 6-23 months age children.
CONCLUSION
Both individual and community level factors were significantly associated with a minimum acceptable diet of 6-23 months age children in Ethiopia, suggesting that nutritional interventions designed to improve child health should not only be implemented at the individual level but tailored to community context as well.
背景
尽管婴儿和幼儿应按照最低可接受的饮食标准进行喂养，以确保其适当生长和发育，但埃塞俄比亚仅有 7%的 6-23 个月龄儿童符合最低可接受的饮食标准，这低于该国 2016 年设定的 11%的目标。因此，本研究旨在评估影响埃塞俄比亚 6-23 个月龄儿童最低可接受饮食的个体和社区层面因素。
方法
本研究通过 www.measuredhs.com 链接从 2016 年埃塞俄比亚人口与健康调查中提取了 2919 名 6-23 个月龄儿童的加权样本（嵌套在 617 个聚类中），对其进行了回顾性分析。通过使用双变量多水平逻辑回归模型，将在 p 值 < 0.25 时具有显著意义的变量纳入多变量多水平逻辑回归分析。最后，将 p 值 < 0.05 的变量视为最低可接受饮食的显著预测因素。
结果
埃塞俄比亚仅有 6.1%的 6-23 个月龄儿童符合最低可接受饮食标准。18-23 个月龄的儿童（AOR = 3.7，95%CI 1.9，7.2）、父亲受过中等或高等教育（AOR = 2.1，95%CI 1.2，3.6）、母亲受雇（AOR = 1.7，95%CI 1.2，2.5）、母亲能够获得饮用水（AOR = 1.9，95%CI 1.2，2.9）、母亲接触媒体（AOR = 2.1，95%CI 1.1，2.7）是积极的个体层面预测因素。城市母亲（AOR = 4.8，95%CI 1.7，13.2）和以农业为主的地区（AOR = 5.6，95%CI 2.2，14.5）是与 6-23 个月龄儿童最低可接受饮食显著相关的社区层面因素。
结论
个体和社区层面的因素均与埃塞俄比亚 6-23 个月龄儿童的最低可接受饮食显著相关，这表明旨在改善儿童健康的营养干预措施不仅应在个体层面实施，还应根据社区背景进行调整。
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