ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha 753006, India; Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Faculty of Science and Information Technology, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Faculty of Science and Information Technology, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 May 15;665:890-912. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.125. Epub 2019 Feb 11.
This review covers the current and emerging analytical methods used in laboratory, field, landscape and regional contexts for measuring soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration in agricultural soil. Soil depth plays an important role in estimating SOC sequestration. Selecting appropriate sampling design, depth of soil, use of proper analytical methods and base line selection are prerequisites for estimating accurately the soil carbon stocks. Traditional methods of wet digestion and dry combustion (DC) are extensively used for routine laboratory analysis; the latter is considered to be the "gold standard" and superior to the former for routine laboratory analysis. Recent spectroscopic techniques can measure SOC stocks in laboratory and in-situ even up to a deeper depth. Aerial spectroscopy using multispectral and/or hyperspectral sensors located on aircraft, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) or satellite platforms can measure surface soil organic carbon. Although these techniques' current precision is low, the next generation hyperspectral sensor with improved signal noise ratio will further improve the accuracy of prediction. At the ecosystem level, carbon balance can be estimated directly using the eddy-covariance approach and indirectly by employing agricultural life cycle analysis (LCA). These methods have tremendous potential for estimating SOC. Irrespective of old or new approaches, depending on the resources and research needed, they occupy a unique place in soil carbon and climate research. This paper highlights the overview, potential limitations of various scale-dependent techniques for measuring SOC sequestration in agricultural soil.
这篇综述涵盖了当前和新兴的分析方法，用于在实验室、野外、景观和区域背景下测量农业土壤中的土壤有机碳（SOC）固存。土壤深度在估计 SOC 固存方面起着重要作用。选择适当的采样设计、土壤深度、使用适当的分析方法和基线选择是准确估计土壤碳储量的前提条件。传统的湿消解和干燃烧（DC）方法广泛用于常规实验室分析；后者被认为是“金标准”，优于常规实验室分析。最近的光谱技术可以测量实验室和原位的 SOC 储量，甚至可以测量更深的深度。使用位于飞机、无人机 (UAV) 或卫星平台上的多光谱和/或高光谱传感器进行航空光谱测量可以测量地表土壤有机碳。尽管这些技术目前的精度较低，但具有改进信噪比的下一代高光谱传感器将进一步提高预测的准确性。在生态系统水平上，可以直接使用涡度协方差方法估计碳平衡，间接通过农业生命周期分析（LCA）进行估计。这些方法在估计 SOC 方面具有巨大的潜力。无论使用旧方法还是新方法，都取决于所需的资源和研究，它们在土壤碳和气候研究中都占有独特的地位。本文重点介绍了各种依赖于尺度的技术在测量农业土壤 SOC 固存方面的概述和潜在局限性。
