Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, No.162, Sec. 1, He-ping East Road, Taipei, 10610, Taiwan.
Public Health Bureau, Yilan County, No.287, Sec. 2, Nuzhong Rd, Yilan City, Yilan County, 26051, Taiwan.
BMC Geriatr. 2019 Feb 21;19(1):51. doi: 10.1186/s12877-019-1067-5.
Health professionals and healthcare volunteers play a critical role in promoting uptake of the fecal occult blood test (FOBT), which is an effective screening method for colorectal cancer. However, previous studies paid less attention to investigating both groups regarding their intention to undergo the test. This study used the Health Belief Model (HBM) to explore the likelihood of an FOBT uptake among health professionals and healthcare volunteers aged 50 years or older.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted at public health centers in a county in northern Taiwan. Health professionals and healthcare volunteers were invited to complete the questionnaires. Overall, 391 valid questionnaires were obtained (response rate = 93.10%). Structural equation modeling was used to examine the associations among the variables based on the HBM.
The HBM explained 45, 44, and 50% of the variance in the likelihood of undergoing an FOBT in all participants, health professionals, and healthcare volunteers, respectively. The explained variance in healthcare volunteers outweighed that of professionals by 6%. Perceived benefits and self-efficacy significantly affected the likelihood of undergoing an FOBT. Self-efficacy significantly mediated the effects of perceived severity, benefits, and barriers on the likelihood of an FOBT uptake. A borderline significant difference in structural coefficients was found across groups.
The HBM model was used to examine the likelihood of an FOBT uptake among health professionals and healthcare volunteers, and the results showed that self-efficacy was the optimal predictor of the likelihood of an FOBT uptake, followed by perceived benefits. Future multifactorial interventions to promote FOBT uptake among health professionals and healthcare volunteers aged 50-75 years could include these significant factors.
健康专业人员和医疗保健志愿者在促进粪便潜血试验（FOBT）的接受度方面发挥着关键作用，FOBT 是结直肠癌的有效筛查方法。然而，以前的研究较少关注调查这两个群体进行测试的意愿。本研究使用健康信念模型（HBM）来探讨 50 岁或以上的健康专业人员和医疗保健志愿者进行 FOBT 的可能性。
在台湾北部一个县的公共卫生中心进行了横断面调查。邀请健康专业人员和医疗保健志愿者填写问卷。总共获得了 391 份有效问卷（应答率=93.10%）。结构方程模型用于根据 HBM 检验变量之间的关联。
HBM 分别解释了所有参与者、健康专业人员和医疗保健志愿者进行 FOBT 的可能性的 45%、44%和 50%。医疗保健志愿者的解释方差比专业人员高出 6%。感知益处和自我效能感显著影响进行 FOBT 的可能性。自我效能感显著中介了感知严重程度、益处和障碍对 FOBT 接受度的影响。在组间发现结构系数存在边界显著差异。
使用 HBM 模型来检验健康专业人员和医疗保健志愿者进行 FOBT 的可能性，结果表明自我效能感是 FOBT 接受度的最佳预测指标，其次是感知益处。未来针对 50-75 岁健康专业人员和医疗保健志愿者的多因素干预措施可以包括这些重要因素。
