School of Psychological Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia.
ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders (CCD), Crawley, Western Australia, Australia.
Sci Rep. 2019 Feb 21;9(1):2473. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-39223-0.
Social status can be attained through either dominance (coercion and intimidation) or prestige (skill and respect). Individuals high in either of these status pathways are known to more readily attract gaze and covert spatial attention compared to their low-status counterparts. However it is not known if social status biases allocation of attentional resources to competing stimuli. To address this issue, we used an attentional blink paradigm to explore non-spatial attentional biases in response to face stimuli varying in dominance and prestige. Results from a series of studies consistently indicated that participants were biased towards allocating attention to low- relative to high- dominance faces. We also observed no effects of manipulating prestige on attentional bias. We attribute our results to the workings of comparatively early processing stages, separate from those mediating spatial attention shifts, which are tuned to physical features associated with low dominance. These findings challenge our current understanding of the impact of social status on attentional competition.
社会地位可以通过支配(胁迫和恐吓)或威望(技能和尊重)来获得。与低地位的人相比,在这两种地位途径中地位较高的人更容易吸引目光和隐蔽的空间注意力。然而,目前尚不清楚社会地位是否会影响对竞争刺激物的注意力资源分配。为了解决这个问题,我们使用了注意瞬脱范式来探索对不同支配力和威望的面部刺激物的非空间注意偏见。一系列研究的结果一致表明,参与者偏向于将注意力分配给低支配力相对于高支配力的面孔。我们也没有观察到操纵威望对面部注意偏见的影响。我们将结果归因于与调节空间注意力转移的机制相对独立的早期加工阶段的作用,这些机制与与低支配力相关的物理特征相适应。这些发现挑战了我们对社会地位对注意力竞争影响的现有理解。