Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Institute of Endocrine Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Diabetes Metab J. 2019 Feb;43(1):31-45. doi: 10.4093/dmj.2019.0011.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and diabetes are common metabolic disorders whose prevalence rates are expected to rise worldwide, corresponding to aging and increasingly obese populations. Compared to the general population (around 25%), 50% to 70% of people with diabetes have NAFLD, and NAFLD severity (including fibrosis) tends to be worsened by the presence of diabetes. NAFLD is considered an emerging risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus and a contributor to the development of chronic diabetes-related complications. This reciprocal relationship demonstrates the importance of confirming suspected NAFLD in patients with diabetes. Due to the invasive nature of liver biopsy to assess NAFLD status, various alternative non-invasive modalities have been developed and validated. Here, we summarized the epidemiology of NAFLD in patients with diabetes and reviewed currently available imaging modalities and biomarker-based prediction models for their ability to detect liver steatosis and/or fibrosis.
非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）和糖尿病是常见的代谢性疾病，其患病率预计在全球范围内上升，这与人口老龄化和肥胖人群增加有关。与普通人群（约 25%）相比，50%至 70%的糖尿病患者患有 NAFLD，并且糖尿病的存在使 NAFLD 的严重程度（包括纤维化）恶化。NAFLD 被认为是 2 型糖尿病的一个新的危险因素，并促成了慢性糖尿病相关并发症的发展。这种相互关系表明，在糖尿病患者中确认疑似 NAFLD 的重要性。由于肝活检评估 NAFLD 状态具有侵袭性，因此已经开发和验证了各种替代的非侵入性方法。在这里，我们总结了糖尿病患者中 NAFLD 的流行病学，并回顾了目前可用的影像学和基于生物标志物的预测模型，以评估其检测肝脂肪变性和/或纤维化的能力。
