Adin Darcy, DeFrancesco Teresa C, Keene Bruce, Tou Sandra, Meurs Kathryn, Atkins Clarke, Aona Brent, Kurtz Kari, Barron Lara, Saker Korinn
College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Dr., Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA.
College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Dr., Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA.
J Vet Cardiol. 2019 Feb;21:1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jvc.2018.11.002. Epub 2018 Dec 5.
Canine dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) can result from numerous etiologies including genetic mutations, infections, toxins, and nutritional imbalances. This study sought to characterize differences in echocardiographic findings between dogs with DCM fed grain-free (GF) diets and grain-based (GB) diets.
Forty-eight dogs with DCM and known diet history.
This was a retrospective analysis of dogs with DCM from January 1, 2015 to May 1, 2018 with a known diet history. Dogs were grouped by diet (GF and GB), and the GF group was further divided into dogs eating the most common grain-free diet (GF-1) and other grain-free diets (GF-o). Demographics, diet history, echocardiographic parameters, taurine concentrations, and vertebral heart scale were compared between GB, all GF, GF-1, and GF-o groups at diagnosis and recheck.
Dogs eating GF-1 weighed less than GB and GF-o dogs, but age and sex were not different between groups. Left ventricular size in diastole and systole was greater, and sphericity index was less for GF-1 compared with GB dogs. Diastolic left ventricular size was greater for all GF compared with that of GB dogs. Fractional shortening, left atrial size, and vertebral heart scale were not different between groups. Taurine deficiency was not identified in GF dogs, and presence of congestive heart failure was not different between groups. Seven dogs that were reevaluated after diet change (6 received taurine supplementation) had clinical and echocardiographic improvement.
Dietary-associated DCM occurs with some GF diets and can improve with nutritional management, including diet change. The role of taurine supplementation, even without deficiency, is uncertain.
犬扩张型心肌病（DCM）可由多种病因引起，包括基因突变、感染、毒素和营养失衡。本研究旨在描述饲喂无谷物（GF）日粮和含谷物（GB）日粮的DCM犬的超声心动图检查结果差异。
48只患有DCM且有已知饮食史的犬。
这是一项对2015年1月1日至2018年5月1日有已知饮食史的DCM犬进行的回顾性分析。犬按饮食分组（GF和GB），GF组进一步分为食用最常见无谷物日粮的犬（GF-1）和其他无谷物日粮的犬（GF-o）。比较GB、所有GF、GF-1和GF-o组在诊断和复查时的人口统计学、饮食史、超声心动图参数、牛磺酸浓度和心脏椎体指数。
食用GF-1的犬体重低于GB和GF-o组的犬，但各组之间年龄和性别无差异。与GB组犬相比，GF-1组犬舒张期和收缩期左心室尺寸更大，球形指数更小。所有GF组犬的舒张期左心室尺寸均大于GB组犬。各组之间的缩短分数、左心房大小和心脏椎体指数无差异。未在GF组犬中发现牛磺酸缺乏，各组之间充血性心力衰竭的发生率无差异。7只在饮食改变后重新评估的犬（6只接受了牛磺酸补充）临床和超声心动图表现有所改善。
某些GF日粮可引发与饮食相关的DCM，通过营养管理（包括改变饮食）可改善病情。即使不存在牛磺酸缺乏，补充牛磺酸的作用仍不确定。
