Read Kaitlin A, Powell Michael D, Sreekumar Bharath K, Oestreich Kenneth J
Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Roanoke, VA, USA.
Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
Methods Mol Biol. 2019;1960:75-84. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9167-9_6.
CD4 T "helper" cells are key orchestrators of adaptive immune responses. Upon activation, naïve CD4 T cells are capable of differentiating into a number of effector subsets that perform distinct immune functions. These subsets include T helper 1 (T1), T2, T9, T17, T22, T follicular helper (T), and regulatory T cell (T) populations. The differentiation of these subsets is dependent, in large part, on the coordinated interplay between signals from the extracellular cytokine environment and downstream transcriptional networks. The use of in vitro T helper cell culture systems has been extensively employed to aid in the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms that govern the differentiation of each effector subset. Here, we provide a detailed summary of the differentiation conditions that are utilized to generate effector CD4 T cell populations in vitro.
CD4 T“辅助”细胞是适应性免疫反应的关键协调者。活化后，初始CD4 T细胞能够分化为多种执行不同免疫功能的效应子亚群。这些亚群包括辅助性T细胞1（Th1）、Th2、Th9、Th17、Th22、滤泡辅助性T细胞（Tfh）和调节性T细胞（Treg）群体。这些亚群的分化在很大程度上取决于细胞外细胞因子环境信号与下游转录网络之间的协同相互作用。体外辅助性T细胞培养系统的使用已被广泛应用于帮助阐明调控每个效应子亚群分化的分子机制。在这里，我们详细总结了用于体外产生效应性CD4 T细胞群体的分化条件。
