Ucpunar Hanifi, Camurcu Yalkın, Ozcan Cagri, Buyuk Abdul Fettah, Tas Suleyman Kasim, Cobden Adem
1 Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan University, Erzincan, Turkey.
2 Ümraniye Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong). 2019 Jan-Apr;27(1):2309499019825521. doi: 10.1177/2309499019825521.
Pedal biphalangism, which was also defined as symphalangism, is seen at a frequency that cannot be ignored; however, no study can be found in the literature evaluating biphalangism in normal population in comparison to those who have foot disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of the pedal fifth toe symphalangism in normal population and in patients with foot deformity including hallux valgus, pes planus, pes cavus, and pes equinovarus. We hypothesized that pedal fifth toe symphalangism may be a predisposing factor or an accompanying structural variation for foot deformity.
Patients admitted to the emergency department of our center in October and November 2016 were defined as the control group, and patients with the diagnosis of hallux valgus, pes planus, pes cavus, and pes equinovarus treated between 2011 and 2016 in our department were defined as the foot deformity group. Individuals who had anteroposterior, oblique, and lateral radiographs of foot were included in the study.
One thousand and four patients participated in the cross-sectional observational study. Biphalangeal fifth toe was found in 328 of 1004 (32.7%) patients. In foot deformity group ( n = 672), 222 patients (33%) had biphalangeal fifth toe. In the control group, 106 (31.9%) of the 332 patients had biphalangeal fifth toe. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of biphalangeal fifth toe between the two groups ( p = 0.72).
According to the results of this study, biphalangeal fifth toe is a common pedal anatomical variant seen approximately in one-third of the population who have either foot deformity or not. This information may be valuable for podiatrist undertaking the conservative or surgical treatment of fifth toe-related disorders.
足趾双趾骨畸形，也被定义为并趾畸形，其出现频率不容忽视；然而，文献中未发现有研究对正常人群与足部疾病患者的双趾骨畸形情况进行比较评估。本研究旨在评估正常人群以及拇外翻、扁平足、高弓足和马蹄内翻足等足部畸形患者中第五趾并趾畸形的发生率。我们假设第五趾并趾畸形可能是足部畸形的一个诱发因素或伴随的结构变异。
2016年10月和11月入住我院急诊科的患者被定义为对照组，2011年至2016年在我科接受治疗的拇外翻、扁平足、高弓足和马蹄内翻足诊断患者被定义为足部畸形组。纳入研究的个体需有足部的正位、斜位和侧位X线片。
1004例患者参与了这项横断面观察性研究。1004例患者中有328例（32.7%）发现有双趾骨第五趾。在足部畸形组（n = 672）中，222例患者（33%）有双趾骨第五趾。在对照组中，332例患者中有106例（31.9%）有双趾骨第五趾。两组之间双趾骨第五趾的发生率无统计学显著差异（p = 0.72）。
根据本研究结果，双趾骨第五趾是一种常见的足部解剖变异，在有或没有足部畸形的人群中约三分之一可见。这一信息对于从事第五趾相关疾病保守或手术治疗的足病医生可能有价值。
