Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510140, China; Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Germany.
Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Germany.
Dent Mater. 2019 Apr;35(4):650-661. doi: 10.1016/j.dental.2019.02.003. Epub 2019 Feb 22.
Ascorbic acid (Asc) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) were reported to reduce genotoxicity induced by dental (co)monomers and their epoxy metabolites. The aim of the present study was to investigate Asc or NAC as novel components in light-curable methacrylate based dental composites regarding their effects on degree of conversion (DC) and elution of composite components. Additionally, the release of Asc or NAC was determined.
Asc or NAC (1, 0.1, 0.01 or 0 wt%) was experimentally incorporated into the composites Venus, Grandio and Filtek Supreme XTE and polymerized according to the instruction of manufacturers. The samples were elussted in methanol and water. For each composite-antioxidant mixture and elution medium four samples (n = 4) were prepared. The eluates were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), high-performance liquid chromatography/ultraviolett/diode array detection (HPLC/UV/DAD) and high-performance liquid chromatography/fluorescence detection (HPLC/FLD). DC of composite-antioxidant mixtures was measured in real-time with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).
The highest concentrations of eluted Asc were 313.98 μM (Venus-1 wt% Asc; 1 day; methanol) and 245.34 μM (Filtek Supreme XTE-1 wt% Asc; 5 min; water). The highest concentrations of eluted NAC were 42.99 μM (1 day; Filtek Supreme XTE-1 wt% NAC; 1 day; methanol) and 108.11 μM (Filtek Supreme XTE-1 wt% NAC; 7 day; water). Triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) elution was significantly increased in Venus-1 wt% Asc and Grandio-1 wt% Asc (1 day and 7 day methanol/water), compared to control. No significant difference was found for TEGDMA elution in Filtek Supreme XTE-1 wt% Asc/NAC. DC was significantly decreased compared to control (= composite without antioxidant) in Grandio and Filtek Supreme XTE after 1, 0.1 and 0.01 wt% Asc incorporation and in Venus after 1 and 0.1 wt% Asc incorporation. For composite-NAC mixtures, only DC of Grandio-1 wt% NAC was significantly reduced.
Incorporation of NAC (1 wt%), as a novel composite component, into Filtek Supreme XTE, had no effect on DC and composite component elution, and supplies sufficient amount of antioxidant which may reduce toxicity. Therefore, it represents a beneficial mixture.
抗坏血酸（Asc）和 N-乙酰半胱氨酸（NAC）据报道可降低牙科（共）单体及其环氧化物代谢物引起的遗传毒性。本研究的目的是研究 Asc 或 NAC 作为新型光固化甲基丙烯酸酯基牙科复合材料的成分，以评估它们对转化率（DC）和复合材料成分浸出的影响。此外，还测定了 Asc 或 NAC 的释放情况。
实验中将 Asc 或 NAC（1、0.1、0.01 或 0wt%）掺入 Venus、Grandio 和 Filtek Supreme XTE 复合材料中，并按照制造商的说明进行聚合。将样品在甲醇和水中洗脱。对于每种复合材料-抗氧化剂混合物和洗脱介质，制备了四个样品（n=4）。使用气相色谱/质谱（GC/MS）、高效液相色谱/紫外/二极管阵列检测（HPLC/UV/DAD）和高效液相色谱/荧光检测（HPLC/FLD）分析洗脱液。使用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）实时测量复合材料-抗氧化剂混合物的 DC。
洗脱液中 Asc 的最高浓度为 313.98μM（Venus-1wt% Asc；1 天；甲醇）和 245.34μM（Filtek Supreme XTE-1wt% Asc；5 分钟；水）。洗脱液中 NAC 的最高浓度为 42.99μM（1 天；Filtek Supreme XTE-1wt% NAC；1 天；甲醇）和 108.11μM（Filtek Supreme XTE-1wt% NAC；7 天；水）。与对照相比，在 Venus-1wt% Asc 和 Grandio-1wt% Asc（1 天和 7 天甲醇/水）中，三乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯（TEGDMA）的洗脱量显著增加。在 Filtek Supreme XTE-1wt% Asc/NAC 中，TEGDMA 的洗脱量无显著差异。与对照组（即不含抗氧化剂的复合材料）相比，Grandio 和 Filtek Supreme XTE 中添加 1wt%、0.1wt%和 0.01wt% Asc 后，DC 显著降低，而 Venus 中添加 1wt%和 0.1wt% Asc 后，DC 显著降低。对于复合-NAC 混合物，只有 Grandio-1wt% NAC 的 DC 显著降低。
将 NAC（1wt%）作为新型复合材料成分掺入 Filtek Supreme XTE 中，对 DC 和复合材料成分浸出无影响，并提供了足够的抗氧化剂，可能降低毒性。因此，它代表了一种有益的混合物。
