J Acad Nutr Diet. 2019 May;119(5):760-768. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2018.12.002. Epub 2019 Feb 22.
No studies have assessed the relationship between diet quality, using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI), and adiposity, physical activity, and metabolic disease risk factors in a Hispanic college population.
To assess associations between diet quality and adiposity, metabolic health, and physical activity levels in a Hispanic college freshman population.
This was a cross-sectional study. Measurements were obtained during a 4-hour in-person visit and included demographic information via questionnaire, height, weight, waist circumference, body mass index, body fat via BodPod, hepatic fat, visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue via magnetic resonance imaging, glucose, insulin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and lipids via blood draw from fasting subjects, physical activity (ie, step counts per day and time spent in different intensity levels) via 7-day accelerometry, and dietary intake via three to four 24-hour dietary recalls. Dietary quality was calculated using the HEI-2015.
PARTICIPANTS/SETTING: Hispanic college freshmen (n=92), 18 to 19 years, 49% male, who were enrolled at University of Texas at Austin from 2014 to 2015.
Main outcome measures were diet quality and adiposity, metabolic health, and physical activity levels.
Linear regressions determined if dietary quality is related to adiposity, metabolic, and physical activity outcomes. A priori covariates included sex, body fat, and body mass index percentile (for metabolic models), and moderate and vigorous physical activity (MVPA, for adiposity and metabolic models).
The average HEI-2015 total score was 54.9±13.4. A 1-point increase in HEI score was associated with 1.5 mL lower VAT (P=0.013); 8 minutes per day higher light activity (P=0.008), and 107 more step counts per day (P=0.002); and 0.10 μg/mL lower insulin (P=0.046) and 0.5 U lower HOMA-IR (P<0.001).
Results suggest that small improvements in diet quality may be positively associated with a reduction in metabolic disease risk, during a critical time period in a young person's life.
目前尚无研究评估在西班牙裔大学生人群中，饮食质量（使用健康饮食指数（HEI）衡量）与肥胖、身体活动和代谢疾病风险因素之间的关系。
评估在西班牙裔大学新生人群中，饮食质量与肥胖、代谢健康和身体活动水平之间的关联。
这是一项横断面研究。在为期 4 小时的面对面访问期间获得了测量值，包括通过问卷获得的人口统计学信息、身高、体重、腰围、体重指数、体脂含量（通过 BodPod 测量）、肝脂肪、内脏脂肪组织（VAT）和皮下脂肪组织（通过磁共振成像测量）、空腹受试者的血糖、胰岛素、稳态模型评估的胰岛素抵抗（HOMA-IR）和血脂（通过血液抽取测量）、通过 7 天加速度计测量的身体活动（即每天的步数和不同强度水平下的时间）以及通过三到四次 24 小时饮食回忆测量的饮食摄入量。使用 HEI-2015 计算饮食质量。
参与者/设置：2014 年至 2015 年，德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校入读的 18 至 19 岁的西班牙裔大学新生（n=92），其中 49%为男性。
主要观察指标是饮食质量和肥胖、代谢健康和身体活动水平。
线性回归确定饮食质量是否与肥胖、代谢和身体活动结果相关。预先设定的协变量包括性别、体脂和体重指数百分位数（代谢模型）以及中高强度身体活动（MVPA，肥胖和代谢模型）。
平均 HEI-2015 总分 54.9±13.4。HEI 评分增加 1 分与 VAT 减少 1.5 毫升（P=0.013）、轻度体力活动增加 8 分钟/天（P=0.008）和每天增加 107 步（P=0.002）有关；胰岛素降低 0.10 μg/mL（P=0.046）和 HOMA-IR 降低 0.5 U（P<0.001）。
结果表明，在年轻人生命的关键时期，饮食质量的微小改善可能与降低代谢疾病风险呈正相关。
