Institute of Global Health, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
IBE Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2019 Mar;27(3):505-512. doi: 10.1002/oby.22394.
This study aimed to test the hypothesis that attained adult height, as an indicator of childhood nutrition, is associated with diabetes in adulthood in Namibia, a country where stunting is highly prevalent.
Data from 1,898 women and 1,343 men aged 35 to 64 years included in the Namibia Demographic and Health Survey in 2013 were analyzed. Multiple logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs of having diabetes in relation to height. The following three models were considered: Model 1 included only height, Model 2 included height as well as demographic and socioeconomic variables, and Model 3 included body mass index in addition to the covariates from Model 2.
Overall crude diabetes prevalence was 6.1% (95% CI: 5.0-7.2). Being taller was inversely related with diabetes in women but not in men. In Model 3, a 1-cm increase in women's height was associated with 4% lower odds of having diabetes (OR, 0.96; 95% CI: 0.94-0.99; P = 0.023).
Height is associated with a large reduction in diabetes in women but not in men in Namibia. Interventions that allow women to reach their full growth potential may help prevent the growing diabetes burden in the region.
本研究旨在检验以下假设，即在纳米比亚这个发育迟缓高度流行的国家，成年身高作为儿童期营养的指标，与成年人糖尿病有关。
对 2013 年纳米比亚人口与健康调查中 1898 名女性和 1343 名 35 至 64 岁的参与者数据进行了分析。采用多因素逻辑回归模型计算了与身高相关的糖尿病发生比值比（OR）和 95%置信区间（CI）。考虑了以下三个模型：模型 1 仅包含身高，模型 2 包含身高以及人口统计学和社会经济变量，模型 3 除了模型 2 的协变量外还包含体重指数。
总体粗糖尿病患病率为 6.1%（95%CI：5.0-7.2）。女性身高较高与糖尿病呈负相关，但男性则无此相关性。在模型 3 中，女性身高每增加 1 厘米，患糖尿病的几率降低 4%（OR，0.96；95%CI：0.94-0.99；P=0.023）。
身高与女性糖尿病的发生风险显著降低有关，但与男性无关。干预措施使女性能够充分发挥生长潜力，可能有助于预防该地区日益增长的糖尿病负担。
