School of Interdisciplinary Arts & Sciences.
Department of Child Study and Human Development, Tufts University.
Dev Psychol. 2019 Mar;55(3):562-573. doi: 10.1037/dev0000587.
An intersectional approach to human development emphasizes the multiple social categories individuals occupy, some of which confer privilege (e.g., being White) and some of which confer marginalization (e.g., being poor). This approach is needed especially in critical consciousness scholarship, and particularly in regard to understanding whether and how it may manifest among youth who simultaneously experience privileges due to some aspects of their identities and marginalization due to other aspects of their identities. We explored critical reflection (CR) about socioeconomic inequalities through interviews with 31 White young men from low-income and working-class backgrounds who were attending trade colleges in Pennsylvania. Participants were asked about their understandings of the causes of poverty in the United States and potential solutions. Multiple rounds of qualitative analysis were conducted to understand the potential manifestation of CR in responses. Inductive across-case thematic analysis yielded 11 themes describing participants' understandings of poverty. We then conducted case-based analyses to identify the specific attributions about poverty that each participant made (structural, fatalistic, and/or individual), the ways in which these attributions arose in responses, and how the pattern identified related to CR. Eight participants were identified as having some CR or the potential to develop CR, and their responses were explored for references to experiences that may have been related to CR as well as their membership in a privileged racial and gender group, and more marginalized socioeconomic group. Implications for examining and promoting CR in different groups of youth are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
一种交叉性的人类发展方法强调了个体所占据的多种社会类别，其中一些类别赋予了特权（例如，是白人），而另一些类别则赋予了边缘化（例如，贫穷）。这种方法尤其需要在批判性意识研究中使用，特别是在理解青年同时由于其身份的某些方面而享有特权，而由于其身份的其他方面而处于边缘化的情况下，这种方法是否以及如何表现出来。我们通过对 31 名来自宾夕法尼亚州贸易学院的低收入和工人阶级背景的白人年轻男性进行访谈，探讨了对社会经济不平等的批判性反思（CR）。参与者被问到他们对美国贫困原因的理解以及潜在的解决方案。进行了多轮定性分析，以了解对反应中 CR 表现的潜在理解。跨案例归纳主题分析产生了 11 个主题，描述了参与者对贫困的理解。然后，我们进行了基于案例的分析，以确定每个参与者对贫困的具体归因（结构性，宿命论和/或个人），这些归因在回应中产生的方式，以及确定的模式与 CR 的关系。确定了 8 名参与者具有一定的 CR 或发展 CR 的潜力，并且对他们的反应进行了探讨，以寻找可能与 CR 相关的经验以及他们在特权种族和性别群体中的成员资格，以及更多处于边缘地位的社会经济群体。讨论了在不同群体的青年中检查和促进 CR 的意义。（PsycINFO 数据库记录（c）2019 APA，保留所有权利）。
