MSMR. 2019 Feb;26(2):2-7.
Malaria infection remains an important health threat to U.S. service members who are located in endemic areas because of long-term duty assignments, participation in shorter-term contingency operations, or personal travel. In 2018, a total of 58 service members were diagnosed with or reported to have malaria. This represents a 65.7% increase from the 35 cases identified in 2017. The relatively low numbers of cases during 2012-2018 mainly reflect decreases in cases acquired in Afghanistan, a reduction due largely to the progressive withdrawal of U.S. forces from that country. The percentage of cases of malaria caused by unspecified agents (63.8%; n=37) in 2018 was the highest during any given year of the surveillance period. The percentage of cases identified as having been caused by (10.3%; n=6) in 2018 was the lowest observed during the 10-year surveillance period. The percentage of malaria cases attributed to (25.9%) in 2018 was similar to that observed in 2017 (25.7%), although the number of cases increased. Malaria was diagnosed at or reported from 31 different medical facilities in the U.S., Afghanistan, Italy, Germany, Djibouti, and Korea. Providers of medical care to military members should be knowledgeable of and vigilant for clinical manifestations of malaria outside of endemic areas.
疟疾感染仍然对身处流行地区的美国军人构成重大健康威胁，这些军人因长期任务部署、参与短期应急行动或个人旅行而身处这些地区。2018年，共有58名军人被诊断患有疟疾或报告感染疟疾。这比2017年确诊的35例增加了65.7%。2012 - 2018年期间病例数相对较少，主要反映出在阿富汗感染的病例减少，这一减少主要是由于美军逐步撤离该国。2018年由未明确病原体引起的疟疾病例百分比（63.8%；n = 37）是监测期内任何一年中最高的。2018年被确定为由[此处原文缺失病原体名称]引起的病例百分比（10.3%；n = 6）是10年监测期内观察到的最低值。2018年归因于[此处原文缺失病原体名称]的疟疾病例百分比（25.9%）与2017年观察到的百分比（25.7%）相似，尽管病例数有所增加。在美国、阿富汗、意大利、德国、吉布提和韩国的31个不同医疗设施诊断出或报告了疟疾。为军人提供医疗服务的人员应了解非流行地区疟疾的临床表现并保持警惕。
