MSMR. 2021 Feb;28(2):2-7.
Malaria infection remains an important health threat to U.S. service members who are located in endemic areas because of long-term duty assignments, participation in shorter-term contingency operations, or personal travel. In 2020, a total of 28 service members were diagnosed with or reported to have malaria. This was the lowest number of cases in any given year during the 10-year surveillance period and represents a 15.2% decrease from the 33 cases identified in 2019. The relatively low numbers of cases during 2012-2020 mainly reflect decreases in cases acquired in Afghanistan, a reduction largely due to the progressive withdrawal of U.S. forces from that country. The number of malaria cases caused by in 2020 (n=8) was the second lowest observed during the surveillance period. The percentage of 2020 cases of malaria caused by (53.6%; n=15) was the highest during any given year of the surveillance period. The remaining 5 malaria cases were labeled as associated with other/unspecified types of malaria (17.9%). Malaria was diagnosed at or reported from 13 different medical facilities in the U.S., Germany, Africa, and Korea. Providers of medical care to military members should be knowledgeable of and vigilant for clinical manifestations of malaria outside of endemic areas.
疟疾感染仍然是驻在流行地区的美国军人的一个重要健康威胁，这是由于长期的任务分配、参与短期应急行动或个人旅行。2020 年，共有 28 名军人被诊断患有或报告患有疟疾。这是 10 年监测期间任何一年中病例数最少的一次，比 2019 年确定的 33 例减少了 15.2%。2012-2020 年期间病例数量相对较少，主要反映了在阿富汗获得的病例减少，这主要是由于美国军队逐步从该国撤出。2020 年由引起的疟疾病例数（n=8）是监测期间观察到的第二低的年份。2020 年由引起的疟疾病例的百分比（53.6%；n=15）是监测期间任何一年中最高的。其余 5 例疟疾被标记为与其他/未指定类型的疟疾有关（17.9%）。疟疾是在美国、德国、非洲和韩国的 13 个不同医疗设施中诊断或报告的。为军人提供医疗服务的人员应该了解和警惕流行地区以外疟疾的临床表现。
