Polymeric nanodroplets: an emerging trend in gaseous delivery system.

Currently, nanotechnology-based products are gaining tremendous interest in the development of nanocarriers for drug delivery and nano-diagnostic devices. Nanodroplets (NDs) emerge as novel carriers for delivery of gases and actives with a wide range of applications in fields of theranostics, drug delivery and diagnostic devices. NDs are multifunctional carriers composed of an outer shell of drug and polymer that encapsulates the inner core of gases and liquid molecules. This review focuses on properties of NDs, mathematical theories, different polymers used in the preparation of NDs, characterisation, animal models, toxicity and applications of NDs. These nanocarriers are advantageous due to their cost-effectiveness and compatibility with both gaseous and liquid core molecules. NDs are increasingly utilised in the field of healthcare due to their properties like large effective surface area for drug loading and target specificity. These nanocarriers are also employed in the treatment of hypoxia, multiple sclerosis and cancer. In the near future, NDs will advance in fields of personalised medicine and precise theranostics.