Watson Charles, Bartholomaeus Caitlin, Puelles Luis
School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
Neuroscience Research Australia, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Front Neuroanat. 2019 Feb 12;13:10. doi: 10.3389/fnana.2019.00010. eCollection 2019.
The traditional subdivision of the brain stem into midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata is based purely on the external appearance of the human brain stem. There is an urgent need to update the names of brain stem structures to be consistent with the discovery of rhomobomeric segmentation based on gene expression. The most important mistakes are the belief that the pons occupies the upper half of the hindbrain, the failure to recognize the isthmus as the first segment of the hindbrain, and the mistaken inclusion of diencephalic structures in the midbrain. The new nomenclature will apply to all mammals. This essay recommends a new brain stem nomenclature based on developmental gene expression, progeny analysis, and fate mapping. In addition, we have made comment on the names given to a number of internal brain stem structures and have offered alternatives where necessary.
传统上把脑干分为中脑、脑桥和延髓，这纯粹是基于人类脑干的外观。迫切需要更新脑干结构的名称，以与基于基因表达的菱脑节段化发现相一致。最重要的错误是认为脑桥占据后脑的上半部分，没有认识到峡部是后脑的第一段，以及错误地将间脑结构纳入中脑。新的命名法将适用于所有哺乳动物。本文推荐一种基于发育基因表达、子代分析和命运图谱的新的脑干命名法。此外，我们对一些脑干内部结构的名称进行了评论，并在必要时提供了替代名称。
