GlaxoSmithKline, Upper Merion, PA, USA.
GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, PA, USA.
Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev. 2019 Jul;8(5):674-681. doi: 10.1002/cpdd.664. Epub 2019 Feb 27.
This study investigates the impact of severe renal impairment on the pharmacokinetics of cabotegravir, an investigational HIV-1 integrase inhibitor. This was a phase I, open-label, parallel-group, multicenter study conducted in 8 participants with severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance <30 mL/min; no renal replacement therapy) and 8 healthy participants (creatinine clearance >90 mL/min; 2 women/group; 6 men/group) matched for sex, age (±10 years), and body mass index (±25%). Participants received a single 30-mg oral cabotegravir tablet to determine total and unbound plasma cabotegravir concentrations. Arithmetic and geometric least squares means were calculated, and cabotegravir noncompartmental pharmacokinetic parameters were compared using geometric least squares mean ratios with 90% confidence intervals. Safety was assessed throughout the study. Geometric least squares mean ratios (90% confidence intervals) were 0.97 (0.84-1.14) for area under the plasma concentration-time curve extrapolated to infinity, 1.01 (0.87-1.17) for maximum observed plasma concentration, 1.31 (0.84-2.03) for unbound cabotegravir 2 hours after dosing, and 1.51 (1.19-1.92) for unbound cabotegravir 24 hours after dosing. All adverse events were grade 1, except grade 3 lipase elevation in a participant with renal impairment. Severe renal impairment did not impact plasma cabotegravir exposure, and cabotegravir may be administered without dose adjustment in renal impairment among patients not receiving renal replacement.
本研究旨在探讨严重肾功能损害对卡博特韦(一种研究性 HIV-1 整合酶抑制剂)药代动力学的影响。这是一项在 8 名严重肾功能损害(肌酐清除率 <30 mL/min;无肾脏替代治疗)和 8 名健康对照者(肌酐清除率 >90 mL/min;每组各 2 名女性,6 名男性)中进行的 I 期、开放标签、平行组、多中心研究。参与者接受单次 30mg 口服卡博特韦片剂,以确定总血浆和游离卡博特韦浓度。计算了算术和几何均数,并使用几何均数比值及其 90%置信区间比较了卡博特韦非房室药代动力学参数。整个研究过程中评估了安全性。几何均数比值(90%置信区间)分别为:曲线下面积与终末时间外推至无穷大(AUCinf)比值为 0.97(0.84-1.14),最大观测血浆浓度(Cmax)比值为 1.01(0.87-1.17),给药后 2 小时游离卡博特韦比值为 1.31(0.84-2.03),给药后 24 小时游离卡博特韦比值为 1.51(1.19-1.92)。所有不良事件均为 1 级,除一名肾功能损害患者出现 3 级脂肪酶升高外。严重肾功能损害不影响卡博特韦的血浆暴露,在未接受肾脏替代治疗的肾功能损害患者中,卡博特韦可无需调整剂量。