Goud Jan-Kees C, Termorshuizen Aad J, Blok Wim J, van Bruggen Ariena H C
Biological Farming Systems Group, Wageningen University, Marijkeweg 22, 6709 PG Wageningen, the Netherlands.
Plant Dis. 2004 Jul;88(7):688-694. doi: 10.1094/PDIS.2004.88.7.688.
Biological soil disinfestation (BSD), involving incorporation of grass combined with plastic mulching, eliminates many soilborne pests and diseases through the creation of anaerobic conditions. BSD was compared at two locations with a nontreated control, Italian ryegrass amendment alone, and plastic mulch alone. After the soil treatments, plots were cropped with Acer platanoides and Catalpa bignonioides and grown for 4 years. Relative to the control, soil inoculum levels of Verticillium dahliae were reduced by 85% after BSD and did not increase for 4 years. Populations of Pratylenchus fallax, known for their interaction with V. dahliae, in the soil and in roots were reduced by 95 to 99%. The incidence of infection by V. dahliae was reduced by 80 to 90%. Verticillium wilt severity was significantly reduced in A. platanoides in all 4 years at one location and in the first 2 years at the other location, and significantly fewer plants died at one location. Shoot length and trunk width were larger after BSD compared with the control at one location. Market value of the crop in BSD plots was up to € 140,000 ha higher for A. platanoides and up to € 190,000 ha higher for C. bignonioides than in the untreated control. BSD is an effective, economically profitable, and environmentally friendly control method for tree nurseries.
生物土壤消毒（BSD），即将禾本科植物与塑料薄膜覆盖相结合，通过创造厌氧条件来消除许多土传病虫害。在两个地点将BSD与未处理对照、单独施用意大利黑麦草改良剂以及单独使用塑料薄膜覆盖进行了比较。土壤处理后，种植了挪威枫和梓树，并生长4年。相对于对照，BSD处理后大丽轮枝菌的土壤接种水平降低了85%，且4年内未增加。以与大丽轮枝菌相互作用而闻名的燕麦真滑刃线虫在土壤和根系中的数量减少了95%至99%。大丽轮枝菌的感染发生率降低了80%至90%。在一个地点，所有4年以及在另一个地点的前2年中，挪威枫的黄萎病严重程度均显著降低，且在一个地点死亡的植株明显减少。在一个地点，BSD处理后的苗高和树干宽度比对照更大。BSD处理地块中挪威枫的作物市场价值比未处理对照高出多达140,000欧元/公顷，梓树则高出多达190,000欧元/公顷。BSD是一种对树木苗圃有效的、经济上有利可图且环境友好的防治方法。
