Babadoost M, Islam S Z
Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.
Plant Dis. 2003 Jan;87(1):63-68. doi: 10.1094/PDIS.2003.87.1.63.
Apron XL LS (mefenoxam) and Allegiance FL (metalaxyl) were highly inhibitory to growth of mycelium of Phytophthora capsici in vitro. Effective dose (ED50) of mefenoxam and metalaxyl for 50% inhibition of mycelial growth, for all five isolates of P. capsici tested, was 0.98 and 0.99 μg a.i./ml of culture medium, respectively. For mefenoxam at 200 μg a.i./ml, sporangium and zoospore germination were reduced by 92 and 96%, respectively, and 21 and 24%, respectively, for metalaxyl. In greenhouse studies, seed treatment with mefenoxam (0.42 ml of Apron XL LS/kg of seed) and metalaxyl (0.98 ml of Allegiance FL/kg of seed) significantly reduced pre- and post-emergence damping-off of seedlings caused by P. capsici in three pumpkin cultivars (Dickinson, Hybrid-401, and Hybrid-698) tested. Thirty-one days after seeding, at inoculum levels of 0, 90, 600, 1,400, and 4,000 CFU/g of soil, the average seedling stands for mefenoxam treatment were 98.4, 93.8, 88.3, 77.8, and 64.8%; for metalaxyl, 99.1, 85.3, 85.8, 73.5, and 59.3; and for the untreated control, 97.5, 55.2, 45.7, 37.0, and 22.9%, respectively. In field trials, the average seedling stands 35 days after seeding were 76.7, 74.7, and 44.9% for mefenoxam, metalaxyl, and untreated control, respectively. Seed treatment with mefenoxam or metalaxyl did not have any significant effect on either seed germination or seedling vigor.
甲霜灵锰锌（精甲霜灵）和阿利森FL（甲霜灵）在体外对辣椒疫霉的菌丝生长具有高度抑制作用。对于所测试的全部五株辣椒疫霉菌株，精甲霜灵和甲霜灵抑制50%菌丝生长的有效剂量（ED50）分别为0.98和0.99微克有效成分/毫升培养基。对于浓度为200微克有效成分/毫升的精甲霜灵，游动孢子囊和游动孢子的萌发率分别降低了92%和96%，而对于甲霜灵，分别降低了21%和24%。在温室试验中，用精甲霜灵（0.42毫升甲霜灵锰锌/千克种子）和甲霜灵（0.98毫升阿利森FL/千克种子）进行种子处理，显著降低了在三个南瓜品种（迪金森、杂交-401和杂交-698）中由辣椒疫霉引起的幼苗出土前和出土后的猝倒病。播种31天后，在土壤接种量为0、90、600、1400和4000 CFU/克的情况下，精甲霜灵处理的平均成苗率分别为98.4%、93.8%、88.3%、77.8%和64.8%；甲霜灵处理的分别为99.1%、85.3%、85.8%、73.5%和59.3%；未处理对照的分别为97.5%、55.2%、45.7%、37.0%和22.9%。在田间试验中，播种35天后，精甲霜灵、甲霜灵和未处理对照的平均成苗率分别为76.7%、74.7%和44.9%。用精甲霜灵或甲霜灵进行种子处理对种子发芽或幼苗活力均无显著影响。
