Schilder A M C, Gillett J M, Byrne J M, Zabadal T J
Department of Plant Pathology, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824.
Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824.
Plant Dis. 2003 Sep;87(9):1149. doi: 10.1094/PDIS.2003.87.9.1149C.
In 1998, several 10-year-old 'Marquis' and 'Vanessa' (Vitis sp.) table grapevines at the Southwest Michigan Research and Extension Center in Benton Harbor started showing decline symptoms such as stunted shoots with small leaves and berries. Vines eventually stopped producing fruit and died. In 1999, symptomatic vines were indexed on cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. 'National Pickling') cotyledons, which developed chlorotic local lesions. Symptomatic cucumber tissue was tested using Ouchterlony double diffusion with polyclonal antibodies for Tomato ringspot virus (ToRSV) and Tobacco ringspot virus (TRSV) provided by D. Ramsdell. Samples tested positive for TRSV. 'Marquis' vines (9 of 45) in the affected area also tested positive in double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with polyclonal antibodies for TRSV (Agdia, Inc., Elkhart, IN). Analysis of soil samples from the site in 1989 yielded five dagger nematodes (Xiphinema americanum Cobb) per g of soil, confirming the potential for virus spread by nematodes (1). TRSV reportedly infects Vitis vinifera L. but not V. labrusca L. (1). 'Marquis' and 'Vanessa' have V. vinifera heritage. The detection of TRSV has led to the establishment of a program for the production of virus-tested table grape planting stock, as well as research on the utility of nematode-resistant rootstocks for growing table grapes at the infested site. Reference: (1) R. C. Pearson and A. C. Goheen, eds. Compendium of Grape Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN, 1995.
1998年，位于本顿港的密歇根西南研究与推广中心的几株10岁的“侯爵”和“凡妮莎”（葡萄属）鲜食葡萄藤开始出现衰退症状，如嫩梢发育不良，叶片和浆果变小。葡萄藤最终停止结果并死亡。1999年，对有症状的葡萄藤在黄瓜（黄瓜属“全国腌制种”）子叶上进行指示植物检测，子叶上出现了褪绿局部病斑。使用由D. 拉姆齐德尔提供的针对番茄环斑病毒（ToRSV）和烟草环斑病毒（TRSV）的多克隆抗体，通过琼扩双扩散试验对有症状的黄瓜组织进行检测。样本检测出TRSV呈阳性。在受影响区域的“侯爵”葡萄藤（45株中有9株）在使用针对TRSV的多克隆抗体进行的双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附测定（Agdia公司，印第安纳州埃尔克哈特）中也呈阳性。1989年对该地点土壤样本的分析表明，每克土壤中有5条剑线虫（美洲剑线虫科布），证实了线虫传播病毒的可能性（1）。据报道，TRSV感染葡萄，但不感染美洲葡萄（1）。“侯爵”和“凡妮莎”具有葡萄的遗传背景。TRSV的检测促使建立了一个生产经过病毒检测的鲜食葡萄种植材料的项目，以及研究在受侵染地点种植鲜食葡萄时抗线虫砧木的效用。参考文献：（1）R. C. 皮尔逊和A. C. 戈欣主编。《葡萄病害简编》，美国植物病理学会，明尼苏达州圣保罗，1995年。
