ENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Department of Sustainability-CR Portici, P. Enrico Fermi, 1, 80055 Portici, Italy.
ENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Department of Sustainability-CR Trisaia, SS Jonica 106, km 419+500, 7026 Rotondella, Italy.
Mar Drugs. 2019 Feb 22;17(2):132. doi: 10.3390/md17020132.
This research shows that carbon dioxide supercritical fluid (CO₂-SF) is an emerging technology for the extraction of high interest compounds for applications in the manufacturing of pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, and cosmetics from microalgae. The purpose of this study is to recover fatty acids (FAs) and, more precisely, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) from biomass by CO₂-SF extraction. In the paper, the effect of mechanical pre-treatment was evaluated with the aim of increasing FAs recovery. Extraction was performed at a pressure range of 250⁻550 bars and a CO₂ flow rate of 7.24 and 14.48 g/min, while temperature was fixed at 50 or 65 °C. The effect of these parameters on the extraction yield was assessed at each extraction cycle, 20 min each, for a total extraction time of 100 min. Furthermore, the effect of biomass loading on EPA recovery was evaluated. The highest EPA extraction yield, i.e., 11.50 mg/g, corresponding to 27.4% EPA recovery, was obtained at 65 °C and 250 bars with a CO₂ flow rate of 7.24 g/min and 1.0 g biomass loading. The increased CO₂ flow rate from 7.24 to 14.48 g/min enhanced the cumulative EPA recovery at 250 bars. The purity of EPA could be improved by biomass loading of 2.01 g, even if recovery was reduced.
这项研究表明，二氧化碳超临界流体（CO₂-SF）是一种新兴技术，可用于从微藻中提取对制药、营养保健品和化妆品应用有兴趣的高含量化合物。本研究旨在通过 CO₂-SF 萃取从生物质中回收脂肪酸（FAs），更确切地说是二十碳五烯酸（EPA）。在本文中，评估了机械预处理对提高 FAs 回收率的影响。萃取在 250⁻550 巴的压力范围和 7.24 和 14.48 g/min 的 CO₂流速下进行，而温度固定在 50 或 65°C。在每个萃取循环中评估了这些参数对萃取产率的影响，每个循环持续 20 分钟，总萃取时间为 100 分钟。此外，还评估了生物质负载量对 EPA 回收率的影响。在 65°C 和 250 巴下，CO₂流速为 7.24 g/min，生物质负载量为 1.0 g 时，EPA 的提取产率最高，即 11.50 mg/g，对应 EPA 回收率为 27.4%。在 250 巴时，将 CO₂流速从 7.24 增加到 14.48 g/min 提高了累积 EPA 回收率。即使回收率降低，通过将生物质负载量增加到 2.01 g 也可以提高 EPA 的纯度。
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