Hansen Eline P, Fromm Bastian, Andersen Sidsel D, Marcilla Antonio, Andersen Kasper L, Borup Anne, Williams Andrew R, Jex Aaron R, Gasser Robin B, Young Neil D, Hall Ross S, Stensballe Allan, Ovchinnikov Vladimir, Yan Yan, Fredholm Merete, Thamsborg Stig M, Nejsum Peter
Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
J Extracell Vesicles. 2019 Feb 14;8(1):1578116. doi: 10.1080/20013078.2019.1578116. eCollection 2019.
The prevalent porcine helminth, , compromises pig health and reduces farm productivity worldwide. The closely related human parasite, , infects more than 800 million people representing a disease burden of 1.31 million disability-adjusted life years. The infections are often chronic in nature, and the parasites have a profound ability to modulate their hosts' immune responses. This study provides the first in-depth characterisation of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from different developmental stages and body parts of and proposes the role of these vesicles in the host-parasite interplay. The release of EVs from the third- (L3) and fourth-stage (L4) larvae and adults was demonstrated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and sequencing of EV-derived RNA identified a number of microRNAs (miRNAs) and transcripts of potential host immune targets, such as IL-13, IL-25 and IL-33, were identified. Furthermore, proteomics of EVs identified several proteins with immunomodulatory properties and other proteins previously shown to be associated with parasite EVs. Taken together, these results suggest that EVs and their cargo may play a role in host-parasite interactions. This knowledge may pave the way to novel strategies for helminth infection control and knowledge of their immune modulatory potential.
常见的猪寄生虫，[具体寄生虫名称缺失]，损害猪的健康并降低全球农场的生产力。与之密切相关的人类寄生虫，[具体寄生虫名称缺失]，感染超过8亿人，造成131万个伤残调整生命年的疾病负担。这些感染通常具有慢性性质，并且寄生虫具有深刻调节宿主免疫反应的能力。本研究首次对来自[具体寄生虫名称缺失]不同发育阶段和身体部位的细胞外囊泡（EVs）进行了深入表征，并提出了这些囊泡在宿主 - 寄生虫相互作用中的作用。通过透射电子显微镜（TEM）证明了第三期（L3）和第四期（L4）幼虫及成虫释放EVs，并对EV衍生RNA进行测序鉴定出一些微小RNA（miRNAs）以及潜在宿主免疫靶点的转录本，如白细胞介素13（IL - 13）、白细胞介素25（IL - 25）和白细胞介素33（IL - 33）。此外，EVs的蛋白质组学鉴定出几种具有免疫调节特性的蛋白质以及其他先前已证明与寄生虫EVs相关的蛋白质。综上所述，这些结果表明[具体寄生虫名称缺失]的EVs及其所载物质可能在宿主 - 寄生虫相互作用中发挥作用。这一知识可能为控制蠕虫感染的新策略及其免疫调节潜力的认识铺平道路。
