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猪蛔虫病中的宿主-寄生虫关系:猪蛔虫第三期幼虫的抗凝潜力作为一种可能的生存机制

Host-Parasite Relationships in Porcine Ascariosis: Anticoagulant Potential of the Third Larval Stage of as a Possible Survival Mechanism.

作者信息

Diosdado Alicia, Simón Fernando, Morchón Rodrigo, González-Miguel Javier

机构信息

Animal and Human Dirofilariosis Group, Laboratory of Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Salamanca, C/Licenciado Méndez Nieto s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.

Laboratory of Parasitology, Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), C/Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.

出版信息

Animals (Basel). 2021 Mar 13;11(3):804. doi: 10.3390/ani11030804.

Abstract

In order to evade the response of their hosts, helminth parasites have evolved precise and highly regulated mechanisms, including migration strategies of the larval stages. In regard to porcine ascariosis caused by , its infective third-stage larvae (AsL3) undergo a complex migratory route through the bloodstream of their host before establishing in the small intestine to reach maturation. Despite the benefits attributed to this migration, blood clots formation could compromise larvae survival. The aim of this work was to study the interaction between the cuticle and excretory/secretory antigens of AsL3 and the host coagulation cascade. Larvae were obtained after incubating and hatching eggs, after which the antigenic extracts were produced. Their ability to disrupt the coagulation cascade was studied using anticoagulation and chromogenic assays, and techniques based on electrophoresis. The obtained results showed that both antigenic extracts possessed anticoagulant potential, being able to inhibit the intrinsic, extrinsic and/or common pathways of the blood coagulation cascade as well as the activated factor X. Moreover, three serpin proteins were identified as candidates to inhibit this host coagulation factor. To the best of our knowledge, this study shows, for the first time, the anticoagulant potential of the infective larvae of , which could be used by the parasite as a mechanism to facilitate its invasion and survival in the host.

摘要

为了逃避宿主的反应,蠕虫寄生虫进化出了精确且高度调控的机制,包括幼虫阶段的迁移策略。就由[未提及具体寄生虫名称]引起的猪蛔虫病而言,其感染性第三期幼虫(AsL3)在进入小肠成熟之前,会在宿主的血液中经历复杂的迁移路径。尽管这种迁移有诸多益处,但血栓形成可能会危及幼虫的生存。这项工作的目的是研究AsL3的角质层与排泄/分泌抗原和宿主凝血级联之间的相互作用。孵化[未提及具体虫卵名称]虫卵后获得幼虫,然后制备抗原提取物。使用抗凝和显色测定以及基于电泳的技术研究它们破坏凝血级联的能力。所得结果表明,两种抗原提取物都具有抗凝潜力,能够抑制血液凝固级联的内源性、外源性和/或共同途径以及活化的因子X。此外,鉴定出三种丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂蛋白作为抑制这种宿主凝血因子的候选物。据我们所知,这项研究首次表明了[未提及具体寄生虫名称]感染性幼虫的抗凝潜力,寄生虫可将其作为促进自身在宿主体内入侵和生存的一种机制。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b7ee/8002170/592ec735d779/animals-11-00804-g001.jpg

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