Turconi G, Guarcello M, Maccarini L, Bazzano R, Zaccardo A, Roggi C
Dept of Health Sciences-Section of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine-University of Pavia, Via Bassi, 21, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
Eur J Nutr. 2006 Mar;45(3):136-43. doi: 10.1007/s00394-005-0571-x. Epub 2005 Jul 14.
Obesity is well known to be a problem all over the world: WHO data report that one billion subjects are overweight and 300 million are obese. Epidemiological data (IOTF) show that prevalence rates are increasing not only in industrialized countries, but also in developing countries, especially as far as the adolescent population is concerned.
To select adolescents at risk of obesity by BMI calculation and by other anthropometric and functional measurements in the Aosta Valley Mountain Region (Northern Italy).
532 adolescents were recruited and participated in the study (254 males and 278 females, aged 15.4 +/- 0.7). According to standard methods, the following parameters were measured: weight and height for BMI calculation, four skin folds (mid-triceps,mid-biceps, subscapular and supra-iliac) to compute body fat mass,waist and hip circumferences, systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure. Parental weight and height, educational and socio-economic status were requested from the parents using a questionnaire.
Percentages of overweight and obese boys were 20.9% and 4.7% respectively, and percentages of overweight and obese girls were 14.7% and 1.1% respectively (using Cole's cut off point reference standard). Mean body fat mass percentages (males = 19.3 +/- 5.6%, females 23.3 +/- 4.4%) showed males at risk of obesity, as indicated by a higher prevalence rate of overweight and obesity in this gender. Positive correlations (p <0.01) were found between BMI and the following parameters: mid-triceps skinfolds, body fat mass percentage,waist and hip circumferences, but no correlation emerged with WHR; body fat mass positively correlates (p <0.01) with waist and hip circumferences; students' BMI positively correlates with blood pressure (p <0.01),with parental BMI and shows a positive trend towards parental low education and socioeconomic levels.
Overweight and obesity prevalence rates are higher in males than in females according to literature data; family influences weight condition. The correlations that emerged show that BMI is a good adiposity index also in adolescents, it acts as an indicator of cardiovascular risk condition and is influenced by parental BMI.
众所周知，肥胖是一个全球性问题：世界卫生组织的数据报告称，有10亿人超重，3亿人肥胖。流行病学数据（国际肥胖工作组）显示，不仅在工业化国家，而且在发展中国家，肥胖患病率都在上升，尤其是在青少年人群中。
通过计算体重指数（BMI）以及采用其他人体测量和功能测量方法，在意大利北部奥斯塔山谷山区挑选有肥胖风险的青少年。
招募了532名青少年参与研究（254名男性和278名女性，年龄15.4±0.7岁）。按照标准方法，测量了以下参数：用于计算BMI的体重和身高、用于计算体脂量的四处皮褶厚度（肱三头肌中部、肱二头肌中部、肩胛下和髂嵴上）、腰围和臀围、收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）。通过问卷向家长询问其体重和身高、教育程度和社会经济状况。
超重和肥胖男孩的比例分别为20.9%和4.7%，超重和肥胖女孩的比例分别为14.7%和1.1%（采用科尔切点参考标准）。平均体脂量百分比（男性=19.3±5.6%，女性=23.3±4.4%）显示男性有肥胖风险，因为该性别中超重和肥胖的患病率较高。BMI与以下参数之间存在正相关（p<0.01）：肱三头肌中部皮褶厚度、体脂量百分比、腰围和臀围，但与腰臀比无相关性；体脂量与腰围和臀围呈正相关（p<0.01）；学生的BMI与血压呈正相关（p<0.01），与家长的BMI相关，并且在家长教育程度低和社会经济水平低方面呈现出正趋势。
根据文献数据，男性超重和肥胖的患病率高于女性；家庭影响体重状况。出现的相关性表明，BMI在青少年中也是一个良好的肥胖指数，它可作为心血管风险状况的指标，并且受家长BMI的影响。
