KWS SAAT SE, 37555 Einbeck, Germany.
Umeå Plant Science Center, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183 Umeå, Sweden; email:
Annu Rev Plant Biol. 2019 Apr 29;70:293-319. doi: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-050718-100402. Epub 2019 Mar 1.
Stem cell populations in meristematic tissues at distinct locations in the plant body provide the potency of continuous plant growth. Primary meristems, at the apices of the plant body, contribute mainly to the elongation of the main plant axes, whereas secondary meristems in lateral positions are responsible for the thickening of these axes. The stem cells of the vascular cambium-a secondary lateral meristem-produce the secondary phloem (bast) and secondary xylem (wood). The sites of primary and secondary growth are spatially separated, and mobile signals are expected to coordinate growth rates between apical and lateral stem cell populations. Although the underlying mechanisms have not yet been uncovered, it seems likely that hormones, peptides, and mechanical cues orchestrate primary and secondary growth. In this review, we highlight the current knowledge and recent discoveries of how cambial stem cell activity is regulated, with a focus on mobile signals and the response of cambial activity to environmental and stress factors.
分生组织中干细胞群体为植物的持续生长提供了潜能。位于植物体顶端的初生分生组织主要促进植物主轴的伸长，而位于侧方的次生分生组织则负责这些轴的加粗。维管形成层——一种次生侧生分生组织——的干细胞产生次生韧皮部（韧皮部）和次生木质部（木材）。初生生长和次生生长的部位是空间分离的，移动信号预计会协调顶端和侧方干细胞群体之间的生长速度。虽然尚未揭示潜在的机制，但激素、肽和机械线索似乎协调着初生生长和次生生长。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了关于形成层干细胞活性如何被调控的最新发现和当前认识，特别是移动信号以及形成层活动对环境和胁迫因子的响应。
