Centre Pasteur of Cameroon, WHO National Reference Measles Laboratory, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
University of Ngaoundéré, Faculty of Science, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon.
J Med Virol. 2019 Jun;91(6):928-934. doi: 10.1002/jmv.25445. Epub 2019 Mar 12.
Rubella is an acute and contagious viral infection whose gravidity resides in infection during pregnancy, which can result in miscarriage, fetal death, stillbirth, or infants with congenital malformations. This study aimed to describe the genome of rubella viruses (RUBVs) circulating in Cameroon. Throat swabs were collected from health districts as part of the measles surveillance program from 2010 to 2016 and sent to the Centre Pasteur of Cameroon. Samples were amplified by genotyping reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in the search of two overlapping fragments of the gene that encodes the E1 envelope glycoprotein of RUBV. PCR products were sequenced and phylogenetic analysis was performed with MEGA 6 software. Overall, 9 of 43 samples (20.93%) were successfully amplified and sequenced but only eight sequences could be exploited for phylogenetic analysis with respect to the required fragment length of 739 nucleotides. Analysis of viral sequences from Cameroon with other epidemiologically relevant sequences from around the world showed that all RUBVs belonged to lineage L1 of genotype 1G. Cameroon sequences clustered with viruses from West Africa including Nigeria, Ivory Coast, and Ghana with a percentage similarity of 95.4% to 99.2%. This study will enable an update on the molecular epidemiology of RUBV in Cameroon and help in monitoring circulating RUBV for a better implementation of elimination strategies.
风疹是一种急性、传染性的病毒感染，其严重性在于妊娠期间的感染，可能导致流产、胎儿死亡、死产或婴儿先天畸形。本研究旨在描述在喀麦隆流行的风疹病毒（RUBV）的基因组。2010 年至 2016 年，从卫生区采集咽拭子作为麻疹监测计划的一部分，并送往喀麦隆巴斯德中心。通过基因分型逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）对样本进行扩增，以寻找 RUBV 的 E1 包膜糖蛋白编码基因的两个重叠片段。对 PCR 产物进行测序，并使用 MEGA 6 软件进行系统发育分析。总体而言，43 个样本中的 9 个（20.93%）成功扩增和测序，但只有 8 个序列可以用于与所需的 739 个核苷酸片段长度相关的系统发育分析。对来自喀麦隆的病毒序列与来自世界各地的其他具有流行病学意义的序列进行分析表明，所有 RUBV 均属于基因型 1G 的 L1 谱系。喀麦隆序列与来自西非的病毒，包括尼日利亚、科特迪瓦和加纳，聚类在一起，相似度为 95.4%至 99.2%。本研究将使人们对喀麦隆 RUBV 的分子流行病学有最新的了解，并有助于监测循环 RUBV，以更好地实施消除策略。
