Department of General Physiology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia.
Institute of Neuroscience, Kazan State Medical University, Butlerova st. 49, Kazan 420012, Russia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Feb 28;20(5):1046. doi: 10.3390/ijms20051046.
A present review is devoted to the analysis of literature data and results of own research. Skeletal muscle neuromuscular junction is specialized to trigger the striated muscle fiber contraction in response to motor neuron activity. The safety factor at the neuromuscular junction strongly depends on a variety of pre- and postsynaptic factors. The review focuses on the crucial role of membrane cholesterol to maintain a high efficiency of neuromuscular transmission. Cholesterol metabolism in the neuromuscular junction, its role in the synaptic vesicle cycle and neurotransmitter release, endplate electrogenesis, as well as contribution of cholesterol to the synaptogenesis, synaptic integrity, and motor disorders are discussed.
这是一篇综述，致力于分析文献数据和自身研究结果。骨骼肌神经肌肉接头是专门为响应运动神经元活动而引发横纹肌纤维收缩而设计的。神经肌肉接头的安全系数强烈依赖于多种突触前和突触后因素。本综述重点介绍了膜胆固醇在维持神经肌肉传递高效率方面的关键作用。讨论了神经肌肉接头中的胆固醇代谢、其在突触囊泡循环和神经递质释放、终板电发生以及胆固醇对突触发生、突触完整性和运动障碍的贡献中的作用。
