Division of Chemical Research, National Institute of Environmental Research, Hwangyeong-ro 42, Seo-gu, Incheon 22689, Korea.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Feb 28;16(5):733. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16050733.
Understanding how indoor-air contaminants affect human health is of critical importance in our developed society. We assessed the combined exposure by inhalation of preschool children and children to household products. A total of 1175 families with 72 infants, 158 toddlers, 230 children, and 239 youths were surveyed to determine the combined respiratory exposure concentrations and amounts associated with 21 substances in eight household product groups. We determined the mean concentrations of these substances in each product, and derived reference toxicity values based on the information gathered in order to identify respiratory health risks. On average, cleaners were used at a rate of 1.0 × 10³ g/month, while coating agents and other substances were used at 43 g/month. The combined inhalation exposure concentrations of methanol to infants and toddlers were 5.1 and 4.2 mg/m³ per month, respectively, with values of 2.1 and 1.7 mg/m³ for isopropanol, respectively. Risks to preschool children and children should be assessed on the basis of the toxicity values of combined exposed hazardous substances, as well as their combined concentrations and amounts. This exposure assessment approach can be used to establish improved guidelines for products that may pose inhalation hazards to preschool children and children.
了解室内空气污染物如何影响人类健康，在我们这个发达的社会至关重要。我们评估了学龄前儿童和儿童通过吸入家庭产品而受到的综合暴露。对 1175 个家庭中的 72 名婴儿、158 名幼儿、230 名儿童和 239 名青少年进行了调查，以确定与 8 组家庭用品中 21 种物质相关的综合呼吸暴露浓度和量。我们确定了这些物质在每种产品中的平均浓度，并根据收集到的信息得出参考毒性值，以确定呼吸健康风险。平均而言，清洁剂的月使用量为 1.0×10³克，而涂料剂和其他物质的月使用量为 43 克。甲醇对婴儿和幼儿的综合吸入暴露浓度分别为每月 5.1 和 4.2 毫克/立方米，异丙醇的浓度分别为 2.1 和 1.7 毫克/立方米。应根据危险物质的综合暴露毒性值，以及它们的综合浓度和数量，来评估学龄前儿童和儿童的风险。这种暴露评估方法可用于为可能对学龄前儿童和儿童造成吸入危害的产品制定更完善的准则。
