Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA.
Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
Nat Commun. 2019 Mar 1;10(1):1008. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-08958-9.
Layered perovskites have been shown to improve the stability of perovskite solar cells while its operation mechanism remains unclear. Here we investigate the process for the conversion of light to electrical current in high performance layered perovskite solar cells by examining its real morphology. The layered perovskite films in this study are found to be a mixture of layered and three dimensional (3D)-like phases with phase separations at micrometer and nanometer scale in both vertical and lateral directions. This phase separation is explained by the surface initiated crystallization process and the competition of the crystallization between 3D-like and layered perovskites. We further propose that the working mechanisms of the layered perovskite solar cells involve energy transfer from layered to 3D-like perovskite network. The impact of morphology on efficiency and stability of the hot-cast layered perovskite solar cells are also discussed to provide guidelines for the future improvement.
层状钙钛矿已被证明可以提高钙钛矿太阳能电池的稳定性，但其工作机制仍不清楚。在这里，我们通过研究其真实形态来研究高性能层状钙钛矿太阳能电池中光电流的转换过程。研究发现，该层状钙钛矿薄膜是层状和三维（3D）相的混合物，在垂直和水平方向上均存在微米和纳米级的相分离。这种相分离可以通过表面引发的结晶过程和 3D 相和层状钙钛矿之间的结晶竞争来解释。我们进一步提出，层状钙钛矿太阳能电池的工作机制涉及从层状钙钛矿到 3D 相钙钛矿网络的能量转移。还讨论了形态对热压层状钙钛矿太阳能电池效率和稳定性的影响，为未来的改进提供了指导。
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