Thomas Connie L, Nieh Chiping, Hooper Tomoko I, Gackstetter Gary D, LeardMann Cynthia A, Porter Ben, Blazer Dan G
Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.
The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA.
J Interpers Violence. 2021 Aug;36(15-16):7043-7066. doi: 10.1177/0886260519832904. Epub 2019 Mar 2.
Sexual harassment (SH) and sexual assault (SA) continue to be a focus of prevention efforts in the U.S. military because of the prevalence and potential to affect the health and readiness of service members. Limited research exists on the association of SH and SA with coping behaviors, such as physical activity, within the military. Data including self-reported SA, SH, and physical activity were obtained from the Millennium Cohort Study, a longitudinal cohort study designed to examine the impact of military service on the health and well-being of service members. A hierarchical regression approach was applied to examine the association between SH or SA and subsequent physical activity levels. Hierarchical regression showed that, among those self-reporting recent SA, the odds of medium-high (300-449 min/week) and high physical activity levels (≥450 min/week) were significantly increased. Although the magnitude of these associations was attenuated with an increasing amount of adjustment, the odds of high physical activity levels remained statistically significant in the fully adjusted model (medium-high: odds ratio [OR] = 1.72, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.08, 2.73]; high: OR = 1.58, 95% CI = [1.02, 2.44]). We observed statistically significant negative associations between recent SH and medium-high physical activity levels in adjusted models (OR = 0.70, 95% CI = [0.54, 0.91]). The current results demonstrate that SA is generally associated with increased levels of physical activity among military service members. Analyzing the relationship between sexual trauma and physical activity is valuable because of the high prevalence of SH and SA in the military, long-term health implications including physical and emotional well-being, and potential impact on military readiness.
性骚扰（SH）和性侵犯（SA）在美国军队中仍然是预防工作的重点，因为其普遍存在且可能影响军人的健康和战备状态。关于军队中性骚扰和性侵犯与应对行为（如体育活动）之间的关联，现有研究有限。自我报告的性侵犯、性骚扰和体育活动数据来自千年队列研究，这是一项纵向队列研究，旨在考察军事服役对军人健康和福祉的影响。采用分层回归方法来检验性骚扰或性侵犯与随后的体育活动水平之间的关联。分层回归显示，在那些自我报告近期遭受性侵犯的人中，中等偏高（每周300 - 449分钟）和高体育活动水平（≥450分钟/周）的几率显著增加。尽管随着调整量的增加，这些关联的程度有所减弱，但在完全调整模型中，高体育活动水平的几率仍具有统计学意义（中等偏高：优势比[OR]=1.72，95%置信区间[CI]=[1.08, 2.73]；高：OR = 1.58，95% CI = [1.02, 2.44]）。在调整模型中，我们观察到近期性骚扰与中等偏高体育活动水平之间存在统计学上显著的负相关（OR = 0.70，95% CI = [0.54, 0.91]）。当前结果表明，性侵犯通常与军人体育活动水平的提高有关。分析性创伤与体育活动之间的关系很有价值，因为军队中性骚扰和性侵犯的发生率很高，对身心健康等长期健康有影响，并且对战备状态有潜在影响。
