Pebole Michelle M, Hall Katherine S, Gobin Robyn L
Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Champaign, Il, 61820, USA.
Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Durham Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Durham, NC, 27705, USA.
Psychol Sport Exerc. 2021 Jul;55. doi: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2021.101962. Epub 2021 May 6.
Sexual Violence (SV) is highly prevalent and experienced by women and men throughout the United States and world. Survivors of SV often experience poor mental and physical health, and poor health-related quality of life. Studies have explored the associations between SV survivorship and maladaptive health behaviors, but few have examined SV and health promoting activities such as exercise.
The aim of this narrative review is to describe available peer-reviewed literature regarding SV and physical activity and provide recommendations for future research. Specifically, this review aimed to identify information relevant for promoting and designing exercise interventions that can integrate into clinical treatments for adult survivors of SV.
A search of electronic databases identified 18 articles on SV and exercise behavior.
Four of these studies were exercise interventions, 10 were observational studies, and 4 were qualitative interviews. Results broadly indicate that levels of physical activity among survivors of SV is unclear. Findings from trials indicate exercise may have a positive impact on mental health in survivors of SV. Qualitative interviews found survivors often enjoyed exercising and identified several health benefits, suggesting exercise interventions may be feasible and acceptable in this population. Interviews also identified valuable information about survivors' experiences with exercise.
Research in this area would benefit from: representative samples of adults among populations at high risk for victimization, more consistent and in-depth reporting of SV history and exercise levels, consistent and trauma-informed outcome measurements, and more diverse study designs and interventions. Increased exploration of exercise in this population is warranted given the well-established evidence base indicating the health promoting qualities of exercise for mental and physical health among trauma affected populations.
性暴力（SV）在美国乃至全球的男性和女性中都极为普遍。性暴力幸存者常常经历身心健康不佳以及与健康相关的生活质量低下的问题。已有研究探讨了性暴力幸存者与适应不良的健康行为之间的关联，但很少有研究考察性暴力与诸如锻炼等促进健康的活动之间的关系。
本叙述性综述的目的是描述关于性暴力与体育活动的已发表的同行评审文献，并为未来研究提供建议。具体而言，本综述旨在确定与促进和设计可纳入成年性暴力幸存者临床治疗的运动干预措施相关的信息。
通过检索电子数据库，确定了18篇关于性暴力与运动行为的文章。
其中4项研究为运动干预，10项为观察性研究，4项为定性访谈。结果大致表明，性暴力幸存者的体育活动水平尚不清楚。试验结果表明，运动可能对性暴力幸存者的心理健康有积极影响。定性访谈发现，幸存者通常喜欢锻炼，并认识到锻炼对健康有诸多益处，这表明运动干预在这一人群中可能是可行且可接受的。访谈还确定了关于幸存者锻炼经历的有价值信息。
该领域的研究将受益于：在高受害风险人群中选取具有代表性的成年样本，更一致、深入地报告性暴力史和运动水平，采用一致且考虑创伤因素的结果测量方法，以及更多样化的研究设计和干预措施。鉴于已有充分的证据表明运动对受创伤人群的身心健康具有促进作用，因此有必要对这一人群中的运动进行更多探索。
