Verkaart Simone, Mausch Kai, Claessens Lieven, Giller Ken E
Eastern and Southern Africa Program, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Nairobi, Kenya.
Development Economics Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands.
Int J Agric Sustain. 2018 Dec 20;17(1):34-48. doi: 10.1080/14735903.2018.1559007. eCollection 2019.
Many studies detail constraints deemed responsible for the limited adoption of new technologies among smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa. By contrast, here we study the conditions that led to the remarkably fast spread of improved chickpea varieties in Ethiopia. Within just seven years, the adoption rate rose from 30 to 80% of the farmers. A combination of factors explains the rapid uptake. Their attraction lay in superior returns and disease resistance. Chickpea was already an important crop for rural households in the studied districts, for both cash income and consumption. Good market access and an easy accessibility of extension services advanced the adoption process. Thus, an attractive technology suitable for rural households in a conducive environment enabled adoption. Our findings prompt us to stress the importance of tailoring agricultural innovations to the realities and demands of rural households, and the need to design and deploy interventions on the basis of knowledge on factors potentially determining their success or failure.
许多研究详细阐述了被认为是撒哈拉以南非洲小农户对新技术采用有限的原因的种种限制因素。相比之下，我们在此研究的是在埃塞俄比亚改良鹰嘴豆品种得以迅速传播的条件。仅在七年时间里，采用率就从30%上升到了80%的农户。多种因素共同解释了这种快速采用的情况。它们的吸引力在于更高的回报和抗病能力。鹰嘴豆对于所研究地区的农村家庭来说，无论是作为现金收入还是消费，早已是一种重要作物。良好的市场准入和推广服务的便捷获取推动了采用过程。因此，一种适合农村家庭且处于有利环境的有吸引力的技术促成了采用。我们的研究结果促使我们强调根据农村家庭的实际情况和需求来定制农业创新的重要性，以及基于对可能决定其成败的因素的了解来设计和实施干预措施的必要性。
