Verkaart Simone, Munyua Bernard G, Mausch Kai, Michler Jeffrey D
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Kenya; Development Economics Group, Wageningen University & Research, The Netherlands.
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Kenya.
Food Policy. 2017 Jan;66:50-61. doi: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2016.11.007.
We analyse the impact of improved chickpea adoption on welfare in Ethiopia using three rounds of panel data. First, we estimate the determinants of improved chickpea adoption using a double hurdle model. We apply a control function approach with correlated random effects to control for possible endogeneity resulting from access to improved seed and technology transfer activities. To instrument for these variables we develop novel distance weighted measures of a household's neighbours' access to improved seed and technology transfer activities. Second, we estimate the impact of area under improved chickpea cultivation on household income and poverty. We apply a fixed effects instrumental variables approach where we use the predicted area under cultivation from the double hurdle model as an instrument for observed area under cultivation. We find that improved chickpea adoption significantly increases household income while also reducing household poverty. Finally, we disaggregate results by landholding to explore whether the impact of adoption has heterogeneous effects. Adoption favoured all but the largest landholders, for who the new technology did not have a significant impact on income. Overall, increasing access to improved chickpea appears a promising pathway for rural development in Ethiopia's chickpea growing regions.
我们使用三轮面板数据来分析埃塞俄比亚采用改良鹰嘴豆对福利的影响。首先，我们使用双障碍模型估计采用改良鹰嘴豆的决定因素。我们采用具有相关随机效应的控制函数方法，以控制因获得改良种子和技术转让活动而可能产生的内生性。为了对这些变量进行工具变量估计，我们开发了一种新颖的距离加权度量方法，用于衡量家庭邻居获得改良种子和技术转让活动的情况。其次，我们估计改良鹰嘴豆种植面积对家庭收入和贫困的影响。我们采用固定效应工具变量方法，将双障碍模型预测的种植面积用作观测种植面积的工具变量。我们发现，采用改良鹰嘴豆显著增加了家庭收入，同时也减少了家庭贫困。最后，我们按土地持有情况对结果进行分类，以探讨采用改良鹰嘴豆的影响是否具有异质性。除最大的土地所有者外，采用改良鹰嘴豆对其他所有土地所有者都有利，因为新技术对最大土地所有者的收入没有显著影响。总体而言，增加获得改良鹰嘴豆的机会似乎是埃塞俄比亚鹰嘴豆种植区农村发展的一条有前景的途径。
