Conceição A L C, Meehan K, Antoniassi M, Piacenti-Silva M, Poletti M E
Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Av. Sete de Setembro 3165, Curitiba, 80230-901, Paraná, Brazil.
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, D-22607, Hamburg, Germany.
Heliyon. 2019 Feb 18;5(2):e01219. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01219. eCollection 2019 Feb.
In adult women, the water-content represents between 50% and 70% of the mass in normal breast tissues and this percentage is increased within diseased tissues. Water molecules play an essential role in the structural organization of biological tissues such as breast. Then, in this study, we have investigated the influence of the water molecules on the breast tissue organization and their role on the hierarchical tissue rearrangement promoted by tumor growth. SAXS and WAXS techniques were used to analyze healthy, benign and malignant human breast samples in native and lyophilized conditions. The scattering profiles in SAXS and WAXS regime of each tissue type in both conditions were compared in order to identify the structural transformation in these tissues and verify the water influence on the morphological arrangement of normal and pathological human breast tissues. From SAXS, changes at the axial periodicity of collagen fibrils were revealed. Additionally, when the water content has removed a peak at q = 4.17 nm (that was present only in pathological samples) shifted in opposite directions within benign and malignant lesions. From WAXS, water and fatty acids were identified within native samples. However, after freeze-drying, only the fat component was observed in the scattering profiles. Therefore, when the water molecules were removed from the samples, structural changes associated with pathological progression were visible. From this, insights about their influence over the changes promoted by the tumor growth have been proposed. Finally, the findings of this study have the potential to provide valuable information to the development of new target therapy.
在成年女性中，正常乳腺组织中的含水量占质量的50%至70%，而在病变组织中这一百分比会增加。水分子在诸如乳腺等生物组织的结构组织中起着至关重要的作用。因此，在本研究中，我们研究了水分子对乳腺组织结构的影响以及它们在肿瘤生长促进的组织层次重排中的作用。小角X射线散射（SAXS）和广角X射线散射（WAXS）技术被用于分析天然状态和冻干状态下的健康、良性和恶性人类乳腺样本。比较了两种状态下每种组织类型在SAXS和WAXS模式下的散射图谱，以识别这些组织中的结构转变，并验证水对正常和病理人类乳腺组织形态排列的影响。从SAXS结果来看，揭示了胶原纤维轴向周期性的变化。此外，当水分去除后，一个在q = 4.17 nm处的峰（仅在病理样本中出现）在良性和恶性病变中向相反方向移动。从WAXS结果来看，在天然样本中识别出了水和脂肪酸。然而，冻干后，在散射图谱中仅观察到脂肪成分。因此，当从样本中去除水分子时，与病理进展相关的结构变化是可见的。据此，提出了关于它们对肿瘤生长促进的变化影响的见解。最后，本研究的结果有可能为新的靶向治疗的开发提供有价值的信息。
