Department of Medicine, Heart Disease Prevention Program, Division of Cardiology, University of California, C240 Medical Sciences, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
Curr Cardiol Rep. 2019 Mar 4;21(4):21. doi: 10.1007/s11886-019-1107-y.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) has become a rising epidemic in the last century, more pressing in the last few decades with the exponential rise of obesity, and has become one of the leading causes of death worldwide.
Genetic variants have also been a new field of epidemiology research to determine the underlying genetic component of those risk factors and the association of DM with CVD. In light of its significant prevalence, patients remain unaware of their disease progression that arises from genetic and metabolic risk factors. As compared to non-diabetics, those with type 2 DM carry a higher mortality risk from cardiovascular disease (CVD) across different ethnicity groups and sex. The most common cardiovascular manifestations in those with DM include heart failure, peripheral arterial disease, and coronary heart disease. Although DM does predispose patients to CVD, it in fact is not a risk equivalent, but carries significant heterogeneity in risk for CVD.
在过去的一个世纪中，糖尿病（DM）已成为一种日益流行的疾病，在过去几十年中，随着肥胖的指数级增长，情况更为紧迫，已成为全球主要死亡原因之一。
遗传变异也是流行病学研究的一个新领域，旨在确定这些危险因素的潜在遗传成分以及 DM 与 CVD 的关联。鉴于其高患病率，患者仍然没有意识到遗传和代谢危险因素导致的疾病进展。与非糖尿病患者相比，不同种族和性别的 2 型 DM 患者的心血管疾病（CVD）死亡率更高。DM 患者最常见的心血管表现包括心力衰竭、外周动脉疾病和冠心病。尽管 DM 确实使患者易患 CVD，但实际上它并不是一个等同的风险，而是 CVD 风险存在显著异质性。
