Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Diabetes Treatment Center, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Curr Diabetes Rev. 2021;17(2):180-185. doi: 10.2174/1573399816666200527135512.
One of the well-recognized conditions linked to diabetes mellitus (DM) is cardiovascular disease (CVD). Those affected by DM face greater risk for early onset of CVD. Although huge strides have been made in cardiovascular therapy and prevention, with striking results in decreasing diabetesrelated coronary mortality in developed countries, the morbidity and mortality due to CVD continue to remain high among patients with diabetes. While there is an increasing incidence of cardiovascular event survivors with DM across the world, the number of DM patients with higher cardiovascular risk is predicted to soar, presenting a massive challenge for health care systems globally, including Saudi Arabia. A report of the Saudi Scientific Diabetes Society indicates that more than 50% of patients with DM die due to cardiovascular causes. In fact, Saudi Arabia globally ranks among the top 10 countries in the prevalence of diabetes. However, the incidence of CVD and its risk factors among patients with diabetes in Saudi Arabia have not yet been well documented. This review aims to present an overview of CVD among patients with DM in Saudi Arabia, through a comprehensive review of currently available published literature. The findings indicate that diabetes linked CVD burden in Saudi Arabia is expected to exponentially increase to a very high degree unless a wide-ranging epidemic control program is initiated. The findings emphasize the need for maintenance of a healthy diet accompanied by exercise, an active lifestyle and weight control measures among the population. It is essential that the health care system focus on raising awareness among the population, and implement appropriate measures for prevention, early detection and suitable management of CVD among patients with DM.
糖尿病（DM）与心血管疾病（CVD）相关，这是一种公认的疾病。DM 患者发生 CVD 的风险更高，且发病更早。尽管在心血管治疗和预防方面取得了巨大进展，在发达国家，与糖尿病相关的冠心病死亡率也显著下降，但 CVD 导致的发病率和死亡率在糖尿病患者中仍然居高不下。尽管全世界患有 DM 的心血管事件幸存者的发病率不断上升，但心血管风险更高的 DM 患者人数预计将飙升，这对包括沙特阿拉伯在内的全球医疗保健系统构成了巨大挑战。沙特科学糖尿病学会的一份报告显示，超过 50%的 DM 患者死于心血管原因。事实上，沙特阿拉伯在全球糖尿病患病率最高的 10 个国家中排名靠前。然而，沙特阿拉伯糖尿病患者 CVD 的发病率及其危险因素尚未得到充分记录。本综述旨在通过对现有已发表文献的全面综述，介绍沙特阿拉伯 DM 患者 CVD 的概况。研究结果表明，除非启动广泛的流行疾病控制计划，否则沙特阿拉伯与糖尿病相关的 CVD 负担预计将呈指数级增长，达到非常高的程度。研究结果强调需要在人群中保持健康的饮食、运动、积极的生活方式和体重控制措施。医疗保健系统必须重视提高民众的认识，并采取适当的措施，预防、早期发现和适当管理 DM 患者的 CVD。
