Sheehan Denice Kopchak, Hansen Dana, Stephenson Pam, Mayo Murray, Albataineh Raya, Anaba Ezinne
Denice Kopchak Sheehan, PhD, FPCN, RN, is associate professor, Kent State University College of Nursing, OH. Dana Hansen, PhD, APRN, ACHPN, is assistant Professor, Kent State University College of Nursing, OH. Pam Stephenson, PhD, RN, is assistant professor, Kent State University College of Nursing, OH. Murray Mayo, PhD, RN, is assistant professor, Ursuline College, The Breen School of Nursing, Pepper Pike, OH. Raya Albataineh, PhD, RN, is assistant professor, Department of Health Management and Policy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid. Ezinne Anaba, MPH, BSN, RN, is graduate student, Kent State University College of Nursing, OH.
J Hosp Palliat Nurs. 2019 Apr;21(2):152-159. doi: 10.1097/NJH.0000000000000506.
The aim of this study was to explicate ways in which parents tell their adolescents about a parent's death. This study used a descriptive, qualitative design. From a large hospice in northeastern Ohio, nine adolescent children and six surviving spouses of recently deceased hospice patients were recruited. Participants completed a demographic questionnaire and a semistructured individual interview. Thematic content analysis techniques were used to analyze the data. Surviving parents tell adolescents about the parent's death in ways that are intended to inform and ease the adolescents' distress. They engage in the process of disclosure in one of three ways: measured telling, matter-of-fact telling, and inconsistent telling. Findings from the current study are consistent with the ways parents told their children about an ill parent's life-threatening illness and imminent death. The findings support a framework that describes the processes of disclosure of a parent's illness, imminent death, and death to their adolescent children. Predeath findings about telling foreshadowed the postdeath findings. These results can be used to inform the development of interventions in which nurses and other health care professionals assist families with disclosure before and after death by tailoring strategies according to the family's communication style.
本研究的目的是阐明父母向青少年告知一方父母去世的方式。本研究采用描述性定性设计。从俄亥俄州东北部的一家大型临终关怀机构招募了9名青少年儿童和6名近期去世的临终关怀患者的在世配偶。参与者完成了一份人口统计学调查问卷和一次半结构化的个人访谈。采用主题内容分析技术对数据进行分析。在世父母以旨在告知并减轻青少年痛苦的方式向他们告知父母的去世。他们通过以下三种方式之一参与披露过程：审慎告知、据实告知和前后矛盾告知。本研究的结果与父母向孩子告知患病父母的危及生命的疾病和即将到来的死亡的方式一致。这些发现支持了一个描述向青少年子女披露父母疾病、即将到来的死亡和死亡过程的框架。关于告知的临终前发现预示了临终后发现。这些结果可用于为干预措施的制定提供信息，在这些干预措施中，护士和其他医护人员根据家庭的沟通方式量身定制策略，协助家庭在死亡前后进行信息披露。
