Laboratory of Immunology Applied to Aquaculture, Department of Cell Biology, Embryology and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
Center of Biotechnology Applied to Aquaculture (CEBIAQUA), Department of Fishery Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, 60440-970, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2019 May;88:47-52. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.02.062. Epub 2019 Mar 1.
Herein, we evaluated the immunomodulatory and the antiviral protective properties of a cyanobacteria-enriched diet on the immune responses of the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei challenged with the White spot syndrome virus (WSSV). Shrimp were fed with an Arthrospira platensis supplemented feed during 20 days, and its effects were examined by evaluating well-known standardized shrimp immune parameters (total hemocyte counts, total protein concentration, phenoloxidase activity, and serum agglutination titer). Additionally, we assessed the expression of crucial genes involved in both hemolymph- and gut-based immunities related to the shrimp capacity to circumvent viral and microbial infections. Dietary supplementation improved shrimp survival rates after challenge with a median lethal dose of WSSV. From all immune parameters tested, only the serum agglutination titer was higher in treated animals. On the other hand, the expression of some representative marker genes from different immune response pathways was only modulated in the midgut and not in the circulating hemocytes, suggesting that this feed supplementation can be used as an attractive strategy to enhance immunity in shrimp gut. Altogether, our results evidence the immunomodulatory properties of A. platensis supplemented feed in shrimp humoral and intestinal defenses and highlight the potential use of cyanobacteria-based immunostimulants in shrimp farming for protection against infectious diseases.
在此，我们评估了富含蓝藻的饮食对感染白斑综合征病毒（WSSV）的凡纳滨对虾Litopenaeus vannamei免疫反应的免疫调节和抗病毒保护特性。在 20 天的时间里，虾被喂食添加了节旋藻的饲料，并通过评估众所周知的标准化虾免疫参数（总血细胞计数、总蛋白浓度、酚氧化酶活性和血清凝集效价）来检查其效果。此外，我们评估了与虾规避病毒和微生物感染能力相关的涉及血淋巴和肠道免疫的关键基因的表达。膳食补充剂提高了虾在受到 WSSV 致死剂量攻击后的存活率。在所有测试的免疫参数中，只有处理过的动物的血清凝集效价更高。另一方面，来自不同免疫反应途径的一些代表性标记基因的表达仅在中肠中被调节，而不在循环血细胞中被调节，这表明这种饲料补充剂可作为增强虾肠道免疫力的一种有吸引力的策略。总之，我们的结果证明了添加节旋藻的饲料对虾体液和肠道防御的免疫调节特性，并强调了基于蓝藻的免疫刺激剂在虾养殖中用于预防传染病的潜在用途。
