General Practice, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
BMJ Open. 2019 Mar 3;9(3):e021980. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-021980.
To understand the career orientation and impact factors of general practitioners (GPs) in Shanghai.
A cross-sectional study was carried out from August 2014 to December 2015 using the Career Orientations Inventory (short form).
We conducted a cross-sectional study of 1159 GPs, of which 1067 (92.06%) completed the assessment tools, from 223 community healthcare centres in Shanghai RESULTS: The top career orientation was organisational job security (71.60%), followed by technical competence (12.18%). Compared with female GPs, male GPs scored higher in managerial competence (p0.001), creativity and entrepreneurship (p0.001), and lower in organisational job security (p=0.034). Compared with GPs younger than 40, those aged 40 years and older scored higher in sense of service (p=0.003) and lower in autonomy (p=0.022) and lifestyle integration (p=0.039). Compared with GPs with lower education levels, those with at least a bachelor's degree scored higher in managerial competence (p=0.001 and autonomy (p=0.025). In addition, those with fewer than 10 years of work experience scored higher in managerial competence (p=0.008) and scored lower in geographical security (p=0.032) compared with GPs with longer durations of work experience. GPs with senior professional positions scored higher in technical competence (p=0.012) compared with those with lower professional positions.
The search for job stability and the lack of career prospect planning are two factors that impact community GP growth. Individualised skills training and career development planning should be provided to GPs of specific genders, educational background and vocational competence, in order to enhance their job satisfaction and service quality, thereby achieving retention of this staff group.
了解上海全科医生的职业定位和影响因素。
采用职业取向问卷（短式），于 2014 年 8 月至 2015 年 12 月进行横断面研究。
我们对上海 223 家社区卫生服务中心的 1159 名全科医生进行了横断面研究，其中 1067 名（92.06%）完成了评估工具。
最高的职业取向是组织工作保障（71.60%），其次是技术能力（12.18%）。与女医生相比，男医生在管理能力（p<0.001）、创造力和创业精神（p<0.001）方面得分更高，而在组织工作保障（p=0.034）方面得分更低。与 40 岁以下的医生相比，40 岁及以上的医生在服务意识（p=0.003）方面得分更高，而在自主权（p=0.022）和生活方式融合（p=0.039）方面得分更低。与受教育程度较低的医生相比，至少有学士学位的医生在管理能力（p=0.001）和自主权（p=0.025）方面得分更高。此外，与工作经验较长的医生相比，工作经验少于 10 年的医生在管理能力（p=0.008）方面得分更高，而在地域保障（p=0.032）方面得分更低。具有高级专业职位的医生在技术能力（p=0.012）方面得分高于具有较低专业职位的医生。
对工作稳定的追求和缺乏职业前景规划是影响社区全科医生发展的两个因素。应根据医生的性别、教育背景和职业能力，为他们提供个性化的技能培训和职业发展规划，以提高他们的工作满意度和服务质量，从而留住这一员工群体。
