Segura-Serralta Mara, Perpiñá Conxa, Císcar Sonia, Blasco Lorena, Espert Raul, Romero-Escobar Cristina, Domínguez José Ramón, Oltra-Cucarella Javier
Universidad de Valencia.
Hospital de La Ribera.
Nutr Hosp. 2019 Mar 7;36(1):167-172. doi: 10.20960/nh.2016.
Introduction: eating disorders (ED) such as anorexia nervosa (AN) or bulimia nervosa (BN), as well as obesity (OB), are related to emotional and neuropsychological impairments on measures of cognitive flexibility, central coherence or decision making. However, little is known about the association among emotional regulation, neuropsychological variables and affect. Objectives: to analyze whether neuropsychological and affect variables can predict emotional regulation in ED and in OB. Methods: thirty females with restricting ED (restricting AN) were assessed, 18 with purging ED (purging AN and BN), 33 with OB and 39 healthy controls matched for intelligence. The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) assessed cognitive flexibility, the Group Embedded Figures Test (GEFT) assessed central coherence, the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) assessed decision making, the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule assessed positive (PANAS-PA) and negative (PANAS-NA) affect, and the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) assessed emotional regulation. Results: relative to the healthy control group, ED and OB groups performed worse on IGT (p = 0.002) and GEFT (p = 0.003), had lower scores on PANAS-PA (p = 0.001) and higher scores on DERS (p < 0.001). ED groups had higher scores on PANAS-NA tan both OB and healthy controls (p = 0.001). PANAS-PA, PANAS-NA and IGT accounted for 51.4% of the variance of the DERS (p < 0.001). Conclusions: our study shows a significant association between decision making, affect and emotional regulation in the continuum from AN to OB, and also highlights the importance of including programs focused on decision making and affect in cognitive interventions for ED and OB.
诸如神经性厌食症（AN）或神经性贪食症（BN）等饮食失调症以及肥胖症（OB），在认知灵活性、整体连贯性或决策能力的测量方面与情绪及神经心理损伤有关。然而，关于情绪调节、神经心理变量与情感之间的关联，我们所知甚少。目的：分析神经心理和情感变量是否能够预测饮食失调症和肥胖症中的情绪调节。方法：对30名患有节食型饮食失调症（节食型AN）的女性、18名患有清除型饮食失调症（清除型AN和BN）的女性、33名肥胖症患者以及39名智力匹配的健康对照者进行了评估。威斯康星卡片分类测验（WCST）评估认知灵活性，团体镶嵌图形测验（GEFT）评估整体连贯性，爱荷华赌博任务（IGT）评估决策能力，正性和负性情绪量表评估正性（PANAS-PA）和负性（PANAS-NA）情绪状态，情绪调节困难量表（DERS）评估情绪调节。结果：与健康对照组相比，饮食失调症组和肥胖症组在IGT（p = 0.002）和GEFT（p = 0.003）上表现更差，在PANAS-PA上得分更低（p = 0.001），在DERS上得分更高（p < 0.001）。饮食失调症组在PANAS-NA上的得分高于肥胖症组和健康对照组（p = 0.001）。PANAS-PA、PANAS-NA和IGT解释了DERS方差的51.4%（p < 0.001）。结论：我们的研究表明，在从AN到OB的连续过程中，决策能力、情感与情绪调节之间存在显著关联，同时也强调了在针对饮食失调症和肥胖症的认知干预中纳入侧重于决策能力和情感的项目的重要性。
