Rincón-Pabón David, Urazán-Hernández Yeraldin, Gonzalez-Santamaria Jhonatan
Fundación Universitaria del Área Andina.
Nutr Hosp. 2019 Mar 7;36(1):87-95. doi: 10.20960/nh.1895.
Objective: iron deficiency anemia is associated with adverse results for health and it is highly prevalent worldwide. The current study evaluated the prevalence and the sociodemographic factors associated with iron deficiency anemia in a sample of Colombian pregnant women. Materials and methods: the secondary analysis for the obtained information at the National Nutrition Survey (ENSIN) 2010 of Colombia in a probabilistic sample of 1,385 pregnant women between 13 and 49 years old. Hemoglobin concentration, ferritin plasmatic levels, sociodemographic levels and factors (age, escolarity, socioeconomic level, geographic area, region, ethnic group, tobacco habits), and body mass index according on the weeks of gestation were determined. There were made normality tests, measure comparisons, and association between logistic regression models. Results: the prevalence of Iron deficiency anemia (hemoglobin < 11 g/dL and ferritin < 12 μg/L) was 11.0% (CI95% = 9.7-12.6). The highest prevalence was found in pregnant women without any escolarity (19.4%; CI95% = 8.0-33.3), women in a socioeconomic level I (12.7%; CI95% = 10.3-14.9), that live in the Atlantic or Pacific regions (16.0%; CI95% = 12.0-20.4 and 12.7%; CI95% = 8,3-17,1 respectively), and Afro-Colombian women (18.6%; IC95% = 12.1-23.9). Iron deficiency anemia was associated with living in the Atlantic region OR 7.21 (CI95% 1.71-30.33), Oriental OR 4.50 (CI95% 1.01-20.04), Pacific OR 5.51 (CI95% 1.27-23.88), national territory OR 4.37 (CI95% 1.03-18.57) and belonging to an Afro-Colombian ethnic group OR 2.19 (CI95% 1.40-3.42). Conclusions: the studied population presents a high prevalence of iron deficiency anemia and it is associated with the residency region and ethnic group.
缺铁性贫血与不良健康后果相关，且在全球范围内高度流行。本研究评估了哥伦比亚孕妇样本中铁缺铁性贫血的患病率及其社会人口学因素。材料与方法：对2010年哥伦比亚全国营养调查（ENSIN）中13至49岁的1385名孕妇概率样本所获信息进行二次分析。测定血红蛋白浓度、血浆铁蛋白水平、社会人口学水平及因素（年龄、教育程度、社会经济水平、地理区域、地区、种族、吸烟习惯）以及根据孕周计算的体重指数。进行了正态性检验、测量比较以及逻辑回归模型之间的关联分析。结果：缺铁性贫血（血红蛋白<11 g/dL且铁蛋白<12 μg/L）的患病率为11.0%（95%置信区间=9.7 - 12.6）。在未接受任何教育的孕妇中患病率最高（19.4%；95%置信区间=8.0 - 33.3），社会经济水平为I级的女性（12.7%；95%置信区间=10.3 - 14.9），居住在大西洋或太平洋地区的女性（分别为16.0%；95%置信区间=12.0 - 20.4和12.7%；95%置信区间=8.3 - 17.1），以及非裔哥伦比亚女性（18.6%；95%置信区间=12.1 - 23.9）。缺铁性贫血与居住在大西洋地区相关，比值比为7.21（95%置信区间1.71 - 30.33），与东方地区相关，比值比为4.50（95%置信区间1.01 - 20.04），与太平洋地区相关比值比为5.51（95%置信区间1.27 - 23.88），与国家领土相关比值比为4.37（95%置信区间1.03 - 18.57），与属于非裔哥伦比亚种族相关比值比为2.19（95%置信区间1.40 - 3.42）。结论：研究人群中铁缺铁性贫血患病率较高，且与居住地区和种族相关。
