a Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders , Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences , Warsaw , Poland.
b Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry , Pomeranian Medical University , Szczecin , Poland.
J Sports Sci. 2019 Jul;37(14):1655-1662. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2019.1583156. Epub 2019 Mar 5.
Genetic factors are known to influence sport performance. The aim of the present study was to assess genetic variants in genes coding for proteins potentially modulating activity of brain emotion centres in a group of 621 elite athletes (212 endurance, 183 power and 226 combat athletes) and 672 sedentary controls. Ten statistically significant variants were identified in genes encoding elements of serotoninergic, catecholaminergic and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal systems in different sport groups. Of those the rs860573 variant in the gene coding for transcription factor exclusively expressed in neurons of the central serotonin system is the only one whose frequency significantly differentiates all the groups of athletes studied, regardless of discipline, from the controls (p = 0.000026). Our results support the hypothesis that genetic variants potentially affecting mental processes and emotions, particularly in the serotonergic pathway, also influence the predispositions to athletic performance.
遗传因素被认为会影响运动表现。本研究的目的是评估编码潜在调节大脑情绪中心活动的蛋白质的基因中的遗传变异，在 621 名精英运动员（212 名耐力运动员、183 名力量运动员和 226 名格斗运动员）和 672 名久坐不动的对照组中。在不同运动组中，发现编码 5-羟色胺能、儿茶酚胺能和下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺系统元件的基因中有 10 个具有统计学意义的变体。其中，仅在中枢 5-羟色胺能神经元中表达的转录因子基因中的 rs860573 变体是唯一的一个，其频率可区分所有研究的运动员群体，无论其运动项目如何，与对照组相比均有显著差异（p=0.000026）。我们的研究结果支持了这样一种假设，即潜在影响心理过程和情绪的遗传变异，特别是在 5-羟色胺能途径中，也会影响运动表现的倾向性。
