Kieckhäfer Carolin, Felsenheimer Anne K, Rapp Alexander Michael
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
Department of Psychiatry, LVR-Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Front Psychiatry. 2019 Feb 14;10:28. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00028. eCollection 2019.
Irony has repeatedly been suggested as a language based social cognition task. It has been argued to show specific variances in psychiatric disorders and healthy adults with certain personality traits. Above that, irony comprehension is based on a complex interplay of the informational context, the relationship of the conversational partners, and the personality of the recipient. The present study developed a video-based German language test for a systematic examination of irony detection accuracy (Tuerony). The test includes (i) a stereotypical conversation partner (doctor, actor) in (ii) different perspectives (direct interaction, neutral observer) and (iii) a bilateral chat history on a conventional messenger service interface with ironic criticism, ironic praise, literal criticism, and literal praise. Based on the continuous approach of psychiatric symptoms, schizotypal, borderline, and autistic personality traits were associated with irony detection accuracy in a healthy sample. Given the often reported role of mentalization in irony detection, these associations were also investigated. First, a broad variance of irony comprehension in our healthy sample could be shown. Second, schizotypal and borderline, but not autistic traits were significantly negatively associated with irony detection accuracy. Finally, in the current healthy sample, neither variation of the conversational context nor mentalization characteristics were significantly associated with performance beyond personality traits. The current results therefore highlight two aspects for future research in irony comprehension: the importance of ecological valid tests and the role of the individual personality of the recipient.
反讽多次被认为是一种基于语言的社会认知任务。有人认为它在精神疾病和具有某些人格特质的健康成年人中表现出特定差异。除此之外，反讽理解基于信息背景、对话伙伴关系和接受者个性的复杂相互作用。本研究开发了一种基于视频的德语测试，用于系统检查反讽检测准确性（Tuerony）。该测试包括：（i）一个刻板的对话伙伴（医生、演员），（ii）不同视角（直接互动、中立观察者），以及（iii）在传统即时通讯服务界面上的双边聊天记录，其中包含反讽批评、反讽赞扬、字面批评和字面赞扬。基于精神症状的连续方法，在健康样本中，分裂型、边缘型和自闭症人格特质与反讽检测准确性相关。鉴于心理化在反讽检测中经常被报道的作用，这些关联也进行了研究。首先，可以证明我们健康样本中反讽理解存在广泛差异。其次，分裂型和边缘型人格特质，但不是自闭症特质，与反讽检测准确性显著负相关。最后，在当前健康样本中，除了人格特质外，对话背景的变化和心理化特征与表现均无显著关联。因此，当前结果突出了反讽理解未来研究的两个方面：生态有效测试的重要性以及接受者个体人格的作用。
