1 School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
2 Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
Astrobiology. 2019 Mar;19(3):387-400. doi: 10.1089/ast.2018.1846.
During the BASALT research program, real (nonsimulated) geological and biological science was accomplished through a series of extravehicular activities (EVAs) under simulated Mars mission conditions. These EVAs were supported by a Mission Support Center (MSC) that included an on-site, colocated Science Support Team (SST). The SST was composed of scientists from a variety of disciplines and operations researchers who provided scientific and technical expertise to the crew while each EVA was being conducted (intra-EVA). SST management and organization developed under operational conditions that included Mars-like communication latencies, bandwidth constraints, and EVA plans that were infused with Mars analog field science objectives. This paper focuses on the SST workspace considerations such as science team roles, physical layout, communication interactions, operational techniques, and work support technology. Over the course of BASALT field deployments to Idaho and Hawai'i, the SST team made several changes of note to increase both productivity and efficiency. For example, new roles were added for more effective management of technical discussions, and the layout of the SST workspace evolved multiple times during the deployments. SST members' reflexive adjustments resulted in a layout that prioritized face-to-face discussions over face-to-data displays, highlighting the importance of interpersonal communication during SST decision-making. In tandem with these workspace adjustments, a range of operational techniques were developed to help the SST manage discussions and information flow under time pressure.
在 BASALT 研究计划中，通过一系列模拟火星任务条件下的舱外活动（EVA）完成了真实（非模拟）的地质和生物科学任务。这些 EVA 得到了任务支持中心（MSC）的支持，其中包括一个位于现场的科学支持小组（SST）。SST 由来自不同学科的科学家和运筹学研究人员组成，他们在进行每个 EVA 时为机组人员提供科学和技术专业知识（EVA 期间）。SST 的管理和组织是在包括类似火星的通信延迟、带宽限制以及融入火星模拟现场科学目标的 EVA 计划等操作条件下发展起来的。本文重点介绍了 SST 工作区的考虑因素，例如科学团队的角色、物理布局、通信交互、操作技术和工作支持技术。在 BASALT 到爱达荷州和夏威夷的实地部署过程中，SST 团队进行了一些值得注意的更改，以提高生产力和效率。例如，为了更有效地管理技术讨论，增加了新的角色，并且在部署过程中 SST 工作区的布局多次演变。SST 成员的反思性调整导致布局优先考虑面对面讨论而不是面对数据显示，突出了在 SST 决策过程中人际沟通的重要性。与这些工作区调整并行的是，开发了一系列操作技术来帮助 SST 在时间压力下管理讨论和信息流。
