Department of Organization and Consumption Economics, Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska, 159C, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
Appetite. 2019 Jun 1;137:114-123. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2019.02.022. Epub 2019 Mar 3.
The adoption of a balanced diet positively affects the state of human health; however, excessive focus on proper eating may lead to obsession about foods, described as orthorexia nervosa (ON). The aim of the study was to assess eating behaviors and concerns regarding health and eating among students with symptoms of ON. The participants were 1120 college students from seven universities in Poland enrolled in health-related majors (n = 547) and other majors (n = 573). The students completed the ORTO-15 test, Health Concern Scale (HCS) and Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ-6). Afterwards, eight dietary patterns were derived based on principal component analysis (PCA) ('Sweets & snacks', 'Legumes & nuts', 'Fruits & vegetables', 'Refined bread & animal fats', 'Dairy products & eggs', 'Fish', 'Meat', 'Fruit & vegetable juices'). Pearson's correlation, chi-square test, Student's t-test and one-way analysis of variance ANOVA were used for further analyses. The mean ORTO-15 score was 36.6 ± 4.2. Students of health-related majors were characterized by significantly lower ORTO-15 scores than students of majors not related to health (p < 0.001). The symptoms of ON were not determined by gender and BMI. The higher symptoms of ON were associated with more frequent consumption of vegetables, fruits, nuts, legumes and meat, and less frequent consumption of sweets, snacks, refined bread and animal fats. Students with an 'ON score <35' were characterized by lower eating concerns than students with an 'ON score between 35 and 39' (p = 0.044). There was no significant association between symptoms of ON and health concerns. Nevertheless, in order to confirm this result, research should be continued with the use of other scales measuring health attitudes and symptoms of ON.
采用均衡的饮食对人体健康状况有积极影响；然而，过分关注合理饮食可能会导致对食物的痴迷，这种现象被描述为饮食失调（orthorexia nervosa，ON）。本研究旨在评估有 ON 症状的学生的饮食行为和对健康与饮食的关注。参与者为来自波兰七所大学的 1120 名大学生，他们主修健康相关专业（n=547）和其他专业（n=573）。学生们完成了 ORTO-15 测试、健康关注量表（HCS）和食物频率问卷（FFQ-6）。之后，基于主成分分析（PCA）得出了八种饮食模式（“甜食和零食”、“豆类和坚果”、“水果和蔬菜”、“精制面包和动物脂肪”、“奶制品和鸡蛋”、“鱼类”、“肉类”、“水果和蔬菜汁”）。进一步分析采用 Pearson 相关系数、卡方检验、学生 t 检验和单因素方差分析 ANOVA。ORTO-15 的平均得分为 36.6±4.2。与非健康相关专业的学生相比，健康相关专业的学生的 ORTO-15 得分明显较低（p<0.001）。ON 的症状与性别和 BMI 无关。ON 症状越严重，蔬菜、水果、坚果、豆类和肉类的摄入频率越高，甜食、零食、精制面包和动物脂肪的摄入频率越低。“ON 得分<35”的学生比“ON 得分在 35-39 之间”的学生的饮食关注程度更低（p=0.044）。ON 症状与健康关注之间没有显著关联。然而，为了证实这一结果，应该继续使用其他测量健康态度和 ON 症状的量表进行研究。
