Horn J E, Quinn T, Hammer M, Palmer L, Falkow S
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 1986 Mar;4(3 Suppl):101S-109S. doi: 10.1016/s0732-8893(86)80048-7.
Deoxyribonucleic acid sequences specific for a pathogen of interest can be isolated from a variety of microorganisms. Such DNA probes can be exploited to detect infectious agents directly in infected patient material despite the presence of large numbers of other organisms and host DNA. This technology is dependent upon the recognition of a specific nucleotide sequence present in DNA extracted from a clinical sample by a radiolabeled or nonisotopically labeled DNA probe. We have isolated several DNA probes for the detection of pathogenic Neisseria which include a plasmid species unique to the gonococcus, as well as several cloned genes that detect both the gonococcus and the meningococcus. In addition, we characterized a unique plasmid of Chlamydia trachomatis that has proved to be quite useful as a DNA probe for the detection of this pathogen in cervical secretions and, by in situ hybridization, in Papanicolaou smears. Deoxyribonucleic acid hybridization as a diagnostic tool is still in its infancy. It holds a number of advantages over conventional methods of pathogen detection and serves as an alternative, as well as a complement, to available immunologic methods.
可从多种微生物中分离出针对目标病原体的脱氧核糖核酸序列。尽管存在大量其他生物体和宿主DNA，但此类DNA探针可用于直接在感染患者的材料中检测感染因子。该技术依赖于通过放射性标记或非同位素标记的DNA探针识别从临床样本中提取的DNA中存在的特定核苷酸序列。我们已分离出几种用于检测致病性奈瑟菌的DNA探针，其中包括淋球菌特有的一种质粒，以及几种可同时检测淋球菌和脑膜炎球菌的克隆基因。此外，我们鉴定了沙眼衣原体的一种独特质粒，事实证明它作为DNA探针在检测宫颈分泌物中的该病原体以及通过原位杂交在巴氏涂片检测中非常有用。脱氧核糖核酸杂交作为一种诊断工具仍处于起步阶段。与传统的病原体检测方法相比，它具有许多优势，并且可作为现有免疫方法的替代方法和补充方法。
