Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Rutgers University, Camden, NJ, USA.
Am J Community Psychol. 2019 Mar;63(1-2):179-189. doi: 10.1002/ajcp.12311.
Neighborhood context, including the physical and social environment, has been implicated as important contributors to positive youth development. A transactional approach to neighborhood asserts that place and people are mutually constitutive; negative perceptions of place are intrinsically bound with negative portrayals of stigmatized groups, including youth. Adult perceptions of neighborhood youth may contribute to an increased sense of alienation and youth antisocial behavior. This study uses street-intercept interviews with adults (N = 408) to examine the relationship between neighborhood conditions and adult support for neighborhood youth. A path model was used to examine the direct and indirect relationship of neighborhood constructs (safety, aesthetic quality, and walkability) on adult support for neighborhood youth. Neighborhood aesthetic quality and the walking environment were directly associated with adult support for youth, whereas perceived safety was indirectly associated. Collective efficacy partially explained these relationships. Findings support theorized relationships between people and places; improvements to neighborhood physical environment may directly impact resident adults' perceptions of neighborhood young people.
邻里环境，包括物质环境和社会环境，被认为是促进青少年积极发展的重要因素。邻里的交互作用方法认为，地点和人是相互构成的；对地方的负面看法与对包括青年在内的污名化群体的负面描述内在地联系在一起。成年人对邻里青年的看法可能导致他们更加感到疏离和青少年反社会行为。本研究使用街头拦截访谈成年人（N=408），以检验邻里条件与成年人对邻里青年支持之间的关系。使用路径模型检验邻里结构（安全、美学质量和可步行性）对成年人对邻里青年支持的直接和间接关系。邻里美学质量和步行环境与成年人对青年的支持直接相关，而感知安全则与成年人对青年的支持间接相关。集体效能部分解释了这些关系。研究结果支持人与地方之间的理论关系；改善邻里物质环境可能直接影响居民成年人对邻里年轻人的看法。
