Cyprus International Institute for Environmental and Public Health, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait; Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
Environ Int. 2019 May;126:476-483. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.01.072. Epub 2019 Mar 4.
The health burden from exposure to air pollution has been studied in many parts of the world. However, there is limited research on the health effects of air quality in arid areas where sand dust is the primary particulate pollution source.
Study the risk of mortality from exposure to poor air quality days in Kuwait.
We conducted a time-series analysis using daily visibility as a measure of particulate pollution and non-accidental total mortality from January 2000 through December 2016. A generalized additive Poisson model was used adjusting for time trends, day of week, and temperature. Low visibility (yes/no), defined as visibility lower than the 25th percentile, was used as an indicator of poor air quality days. Dust storm events were also examined. Finally, we examined these associations after stratifying by gender, age group, and nationality (Kuwaitis/non-Kuwaitis).
There were 73,748 deaths from natural causes in Kuwait during the study period. The rate ratio comparing the mortality rate on low visibility days to high visibility days was 1.01 (95% CI: 0.99-1.03). Similar estimates were observed for dust storms (1.02, 95% CI: 1.00-1.04). Higher and statistically significant estimates were observed among non-Kuwaiti men and non-Kuwaiti adolescents and adults.
We observed a higher risk of mortality during days with poor air quality in Kuwait from 2000 through 2016.
世界上许多地方都对暴露于空气污染的健康负担进行了研究。然而，对于空气质量对干旱地区的健康影响的研究有限，而这些地区的主要颗粒物污染源是沙尘。
研究科威特因暴露于空气质量差的日子而导致的死亡率风险。
我们使用每日能见度作为颗粒物污染的衡量指标，并结合 2000 年 1 月至 2016 年 12 月期间的非意外总死亡率进行了时间序列分析。采用广义加性泊松模型进行调整，以适应时间趋势、星期几和温度。低能见度（是/否），定义为能见度低于第 25 百分位数，被用作空气质量差的日子的指标。还研究了沙尘暴事件。最后，我们按性别、年龄组和国籍（科威特人/非科威特人）进行分层后，检查了这些关联。
在研究期间，科威特有 73748 人因自然原因死亡。将低能见度日的死亡率与高能见度日的死亡率进行比较的比率为 1.01（95%置信区间：0.99-1.03）。沙尘暴（1.02，95%置信区间：1.00-1.04）也观察到了类似的估计。非科威特男性和非科威特青少年和成年人的估计值更高且具有统计学意义。
我们观察到，2000 年至 2016 年期间，科威特空气质量较差的日子死亡率风险较高。
