Laboratório de Ensaios Farmacológicos e Toxicológicos - LEFT, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - FURG, Av. Itália, Km 8, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS, CEP 96203-900, Brazil.
Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rua Visconde de Paranaguá 102 Centro, Rio Grande, RS, CEP 96203-900, Brazil.
Environ Geochem Health. 2019 Oct;41(5):2131-2143. doi: 10.1007/s10653-019-00267-w. Epub 2019 Mar 8.
An understanding of the spatial distribution and contribution of a power plant to local soil contamination is important for the planning of soil use and prioritizing remedial actions for public safety. Consequently, the aim of this study was to map the spatial distribution of potentially hazardous elements (PHEs; Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, Cr, Fe, Mn, Cd, As, and Se) in soils around a large (796 MW) coal-fired power plant in Brazil. For the purpose, 33 soil samples were collected in the area within a radius of approximately 17.5 km from the plant and subsequently analyzed for PHEs. The frequency and direction of winds were also obtained from a meteorological station in the region. The sampling area was divided into four quadrants (northwest: N-NW; northeast: N-NE; southeast: S-SE; southwest: S-SW), and there were significant negative correlations between the distance and the concentrations of Se in the S-SE quadrant and As in the S-SW and S-SE quadrants. There were positive correlations between distance from the plant and the concentration of Mn in the N-NE quadrant and the concentration of Cd in the S-SW quadrant. The dominant direction of the winds was N-NE. The indexes used in this study showed low-to-moderate enrichment factor, but detailed analysis of the dominant quadrant of the winds showed a correlation with higher concentrations in the soils closer to the power plant for at least seven of the PHEs analyzed, especially with regard to As. Therefore, we conclude that the distribution of the metalloid As can be used as a marker of the spatial distribution of contamination from the thermoelectric plant, but the dynamics of the other elements suggests that the presence of other sources of contamination may also compromise the quality of local soils.
了解电厂对当地土壤污染的空间分布和贡献对于土壤利用规划和优先考虑公共安全修复措施至关重要。因此，本研究旨在绘制巴西一座大型（796 兆瓦）燃煤电厂周围土壤中潜在有害元素（PHE；Cu、Pb、Zn、Ni、Cr、Fe、Mn、Cd、As 和 Se）的空间分布。为此，在距电厂约 17.5 公里的半径范围内采集了 33 个土壤样本，并对 PHE 进行了分析。还从该地区的一个气象站获得了风和风向的频率。采样区域被分为四个象限（西北：N-NW；东北：N-NE；东南：S-SE；西南：S-SW），在 S-SE 象限中，硒与距离呈显著负相关，在 S-SW 和 S-SE 象限中，砷与距离呈显著负相关。在 N-NE 象限中，锰的浓度与距电厂的距离呈正相关，在 S-SW 象限中，镉的浓度与距电厂的距离呈正相关。主导风向为 N-NE。本研究中使用的指标显示出低到中等的富集因子，但对主导风向的详细分析表明，在靠近电厂的土壤中，至少有七种 PHE 与较高的浓度存在相关性，尤其是砷。因此，我们得出结论，类金属砷的分布可以作为火力发电厂污染空间分布的标志物，但其他元素的动态表明，其他污染源的存在也可能影响当地土壤的质量。
