Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai 200025 , China.
Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine , Shanghai 200025 , China.
Bioconjug Chem. 2019 Apr 17;30(4):994-1005. doi: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00085. Epub 2019 Mar 21.
Brain drug delivery is one of the most important bottlenecks in the development of drugs for the central nervous system. Cumulative evidence has emerged that extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a key role in intercellular communication. Exosomes, a subgroup of EVs, have received the most attention due to their capability in mediating the horizontal transfer of their bioactive inclusions to neighboring and distant cells, and thus specifically regulating the physiological and pathological functions of the recipient cells. This native and unique signaling mechanism confers exosomes with great potential to be developed into an effective, precise, and safe drug delivery system. Here, we provide an overview into the challenges of brain drug delivery and the function of exosomes in the brain under physiological and pathological conditions, and discuss how these natural vesicles could be harnessed for brain drug delivery and for the therapy of brain diseases.
脑内药物递送是中枢神经系统药物开发的最重要瓶颈之一。越来越多的证据表明，细胞外囊泡 (EVs) 在细胞间通讯中发挥着关键作用。外泌体作为 EVs 的一个亚群，由于其能够介导生物活性内含物向邻近和远处细胞的水平转移，并因此特异性调节受体细胞的生理和病理功能，因此受到了最多的关注。这种天然独特的信号转导机制使外泌体具有巨大的潜力，可开发成为一种有效、精确和安全的药物递送系统。在这里，我们概述了脑内药物递送的挑战以及外泌体在生理和病理条件下在大脑中的功能，并讨论了如何利用这些天然囊泡进行脑内药物递送和脑疾病的治疗。
